Antimicrobial therapies for odontogenic infections in children and adolescents. Literature review and clinical recomendations.

Abstract

Oral infections are caused by an imbalance in the patient's indigenous flora which changes from commensal to opportunistic. Odontogenic infections are the most common reason for consultation in children and adolescents. Rational use of antibiotics is the best strategy to avoid microbial resistance. Dental infections should first receive proper local treatment, which can also be complemented with a systemic method. Appropriate drug selection and dosing should be made. Amoxicilin is the first choice for antimicrobial agents in pediatric dentistry. Clindamycin and clarithromycin are the best alternative for patients with penicillin hypersensibility. In this literature review, the authors intended to establish clear clinical management guidelines for emergency treatment and subsequent final resolution.

Temporal space infection secondary to recurrent buccal space infection from mandibular deciduous molar in 7-year-old child: a case report

“…6 Stablished treatment of fascial space infection is incision and drainage or decompression of space with administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics and analgesics with pus for culture and sensitivity and administration of specific antibiotic according to culture and sensitivity report. 7 Stablished first line of treatment of infection in children include administration of beta lactam antibiotics with metronidazole, 6,8,9 so culture and sensitivity were not done in first stage of treatment but when infection did recur then pus was sent for culture and sensitivity which revealed insignificant result. Insignificant result might be due to existing antibiotic therapy.…”

Antibiotic Therapy in Dentistry

“…Anatomical and physiological differences between children and adults such as the amount of their body water and fat, the maturation of the immune system, the volume of protein, and the level of liver enzymes should be considered while prescribing antibiotics for children [ 22 ]. Dentists treat children with antibiotics to reduce the risk of bacteremia caused by dental infections; however, antibiotic therapy should not be used as an alternative method for elimination of an infection source [ 23 ].…”

<p>Identifikasi gen kariogenik glukosiltransferase Streptococcus mutans pada pasien karies gigi</p><p>Identification of Streptococcus mutans cariogenic gene glucosyltransferase (gtf) in dental caries patients</p>

“…2 Berbagai bakteri dapat berintegrasi menyebabkan karies gigi tetapi yang paling dominan adalah Streptococcus mutans. 1,2,3,4 Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri bersifat non motil, anaerob fakultatif, coccus Gram positif tersusun seperti rantai dan memiliki berbagai protein dan enzim. Protein dan enzim ini berperan pada proses perlekatan dan virulensi bakteri pada permukaan gigi.…”

“…Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri yang menempel pada permukaan gigi yang merupakan patogen utama dalam pembentukan karies gigi. 1,2,3,4,12,13,14,15 Selain itu S. mutans juga menghasilkan asam, menghasilkan bakteriosin, memiliki sistem asimilasi sumber karbon seperti glucan dan fructan dan dapat membentuk plak gigi yang sangat lengket. 1,14 Streptococcus mutans memiliki enzim glukosiltransferase surface (GTFs) yang dikode oleh gen gtf.…”