Antimicrobial Usage in Chicken Production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Abstract

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High Levels of Antimicrobial Resistance among Escherichia coli Isolates from Livestock Farms and Synanthropic Rats and Shrews in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

“…The study indicated a total usage of 690.4 g (Ϯ203.6 g) of antimicrobial compound per chicken produced, which is very high compared with European standards (6).…”

“…Antimicrobials used in animal farming and human medicine are largely similar (4). In Vietnam, extensive use of antimicrobials in farming has been documented, including compounds considered to be critical for human medicine, such as fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and aminoglycosides (5,6). As a result, high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in zoonotic bacteria, such as nontyphoid Salmonella and Campylobacter spp., have been reported both on farms and in meat products (7)(8)(9).…”

Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review

“…Six publications [15,16,17,18,19,20] reported AMU in terrestrial animal production (pigs and chickens), and two in aquaculture production [21,22]. Except for one publication that investigated antimicrobial use to raise chickens in integrated fish–chicken farms [21] in Thailand, and another one that investigated fish and shrimp farms in both Thailand and Vietnam [22], the remaining publications investigated AMU exclusively in Vietnamese farms.…”

“…All studies report types and classes of antimicrobials used on farms over a specified period of time. In three publications (two of which relate to the same study farms), quantitative data are also presented [16,18,23]. In two of these studies [16,18] consumption is presented in terms of grams of antimicrobial compound to produce one kilogram of chicken or pig produced, whereas in the other [23], consumption for chickens was expressed as “treatment incidence” [24].…”

Antibiotic use and practices in commercial poultry laying hens in Ogun State Nigeria

“…Most antibiotics used in poultry production in the country are administered prophylactically in drinking water or incorporated in feed (Lawal et al, 2015), as it is the case in Vietnam (Carrique-Mas et al, 2015) and in Uganda (Bashahun and Odoch, 2015). In Nigeria Ogunleye et al (2008) reported that seven of the eight farms studied used between three and seven different antimicrobial agents at different times for prophylaxis or treatment purposes.…”