Antimutagenic and Antitumor Effects of Adenophora triphylla Extracts

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the mutagenic, antimutagenic, cytotoxicity and antitumor effects of Adenophora triphylla (AT). AT was extracted with 70% ethanol and then further fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Antimutagenic, cytotoxicity and antitumor effects of AT extracts were measured by using Ames test, SRB method, and the tumor growth inhibition test. AT extracts did not show any mutagenicity in the Ames test; however, 70% ethanol extracts and its fractions had strong antimutagenic effects against mutation induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). The ethyl acetate fraction of AT (200 μg/plate) showed approximately 66.5% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by 4NQO against TA98 strain, whereas 83.3% and 75.1% inhibitions were observed on the mutagenesis induced by MNNG and 4NQO against TA100 strain. In anticancer effects, the cytotoxicity of AT extract and its fractions against cancer cell lines including human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human lung carcinoma (A549) and transformed primary human embryo kidney (293) were investigated. The treatment of 1 mg/mL AT ethyl acetate faction had the highest cytotoxicity of 79.9%, 74.9%, 66.0%, 71.0% and 74.3% against HeLa, Hep3B, MCF-7, AGS and A549 cells, respectively. In contrast, the extract and its fractions showed only 3∼36% cytotoxicity for a normal human kidney cell line (293). In vivo anti-cancer effect of Adenophora triphylla extract was tested using Balb/c mice transplanted sarcoma-180 cells. Adenophora triphylla ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibition rate of 37.2% at the 50 mg/kg concentration.

In Vivo and In Vitro Antitumor Effects of Platycodin D, a Saponin Purified from Platycodi Radix on the H520 Lung Cancer Cell

“…Because chemotherapy decreases the quality of life for patients and is often responsible for serious and sometimes lifethreatening complications, rationally designed tumor specific drugs are especially needed [ 26 ]. Natural herbs contain various phenolic compounds, vitamins, carotenoids and flavonoids, and they have been showed various pharmacological effects including antioxidative, antiallergic and anticancer effects [ 16 ]. Although anticancer activities of platycodin D have been evaluated including A549 cells, adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells [ 23 , 24 ], the anticancer effects on H520 cells, a representative NSCLC cell lines of platycodin D did not revealed upon our knowledge.…”

“…Natural herbs contain various phenolic compounds, vitamins, carotenoids, and flavonoids, and they have showed various pharmacological effects including ant-oxidative, antiallergic, and anticancer effects [ 16 ]. Platycodi Radix, the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.…”

Immunomodulatory Effects of Kuseonwangdogo‐Based Mixed Herbal Formula Extracts on a Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Immunosuppression Mouse Model

“…Therefore, supplementation using nutrients with antioxidant properties, such as carotenes, vitamin E, vitamin C, zinc, selenium, and polyphenols, may quench these free radicals and influence several components of the immune system [ 3 , 7 , 8 ]. Natural herbs contain various phenolic compounds, vitamins, carotenoids, and flavonoids and have various pharmacological effects including immunomodulatory, antioxidative, antiallergic, and anticancer effects [ 9 , 10 ]. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in the field of herbal medicines and search for promising potential compounds for investigating immunomodulatory compounds from natural products in recent years [ 11 ].…”

Anticancer activity of subfractions containing pure compounds of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extract in human cancer cells and in Balbc/c mice bearing Sarcoma-180 cells

“…Anticancer activity in vivo against sarcoma growth in a mouse model was examined using the method of Ham et al [ 13 ] and Maeda et al [ 14 ] with minor modification. Briefly, Balbc/c mice (six-to seven-weeks-old) were obtained from Samtaco (Gyeonggi-do, Korea), randomly divided into the control and six experimental groups, and provided with water and normal chow.…”