Antineoplastic Effects of Long-Term &lt;i&gt;Trichinella spiralis&lt;/i&gt; Infection on B-16 Melanoma

Molinari, John A.; Ebersole, J. L.

doi:10.1159/000231956

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Antitumor effects have been described for infections with some parasites, like Toxoplasma gondii [16], Trypanosoma cruzi [17], and Plasmodium yoelli [18]. Among other parasites, Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) has been recognised as a helminth that can negatively influence tumour growth and prolong the life span of the host [19, 20]. Unfortunately, since these first findings about the potential of Trichinella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigations of substances that can affect the apoptotic process in melanoma would be a valuable contribution to finding new therapeutic approaches for this disease. From the modest level of data available in the field it appears that all three stages of T. spiralis life cycle contain components that are able to control malignancy [10, 15, 19]. On the other hand, it was shown that this parasite could tame autoimmune disease [6], implying the involvement of completely different mechanisms that create a tolerogenic environment [25, 26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental immunology Necrosis and apoptosis in Trichinella spiralis -mediated tumour reduction

Vasilev¹,

Ilić²,

Gruden-Movsesijan³

et al. 2015

cejoi

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It is known that infection with different pathogens, including helminths, can alter the progression of malignant or other diseases. We studied the effect of chronic Trichinella spiralis infection or muscle larvae excretory-secretory (ES L1) antigens on the malignant tumour growth in the mouse melanoma model system in vivo and in vitro. Our results confirmed that chronic infection with T. spiralis possesses the capacity to slow down the progression of tumour growth, resulting in an impressive reduction in tumour size. We found that the phenomenon could, at least partially, be related to a lower level of tumour necrosis compared to necrosis present in control animals with progressive malignancy course. An increased apoptotic potential among the low percentage of cells within the total tumour cell number in vivo was also observed. ES L1 antigen, as a parasitic product that is released during the chronic phase of infection, reduced the survival and slightly, but significantly increased the apoptosis level of melanoma cells in vitro. Our results imply that powerful Trichinella anti-malignance capacity does not rely only on necrosis and apoptosis but other mechanisms through which infection or parasite products manipulate the tumor establishment and expansion should be considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental immunology Necrosis and apoptosis in Trichinella spiralis -mediated tumour reduction

Vasilev¹,

Ilić²,

Gruden-Movsesijan³

et al. 2015

cejoi

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“…In contrast, the total quantity of nonadherent cells (lymphocytes) was un affected by the parasite infection; however, the ability of the T-cell population of the parasitized mice to exhibit both enhanced in vivo DTH [8,22,24] and in vitro blastogenesis reactions was noted. The enhance ac tivity of the reticuloendothelial system was demonstrated by the ability of T. spiralis-in fected mice to nonspecifically reject lethal doses of syngeneic tumors [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Responses of Spleen Cells from Trichinella spiralis-Infected Mice

Molinari¹,

Ebersole²

1977

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The in vitro cellular immune responses of spleen cells from mice infected with Trichinella spiralis and immunized with BCG have been investigated. ICR/CD-1 mice were originally infected with 200 T. spiralis larvae 22 days prior to infection with 4 × 10⁶ viable or heat-killed mycobacteria. Analysis of the splenic cell populations indicated that significant increases in adherent cells (macrophages) were noted only in groups previously infected with the nematode; the concentration of non-adherent cells (lymphocytes) did not vary significantly among any of the experimental groups. Assay of blast cell transformation and ³H-thymidine incorporation demonstrated the ability of T. spiralis infection to potentiate in vitro cellular immune reactions. These findings support earlier in vivo studies concerning nematode-induced immunopotentiation of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, and provide additional evidence that infection with this nematode enhances the immune capabilities of both stimulated lymphocytes and nonspecific phagocytic cells.

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“…It was in the second part of the previous century that T. spiralis has been recognized for the first time as a nematode that can negatively influence a tumor growth and prolong the life span [147, 148]. However, the observed potential of Trichinella to affect tumor development was not investigated until recently, when Wang et al [13] showed that T. spiralis infection as well as treatment of mice with mixture of crude extracts from adult parasite and newborn larvae can slow down or even inhibits the progression of tumors induced by different tumor cell lines.…”

Section: T Spiralis Immunomodulation Of Autoimmunity Allergy Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretory Products ofTrichinella spiralisMuscle Larvae and Immunomodulation: Implication for Autoimmune Diseases, Allergies, and Malignancies

Sofronić-Milosavljević

Ilić

Pinelli

et al. 2015

Journal of Immunology Research

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Trichinella spiralis has the unique ability to make itself “at home” by creating and hiding in a new type of cell in the host body that is the nurse cell. From this immunologically privileged place, the parasite orchestrates a long-lasting molecular cross talk with the host through muscle larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1). Those products can successfully modulate parasite-specific immune responses as well as responses to unrelated antigens (either self or nonself in origin), providing an anti-inflammatory milieu and maintaining homeostasis. It is clear, based on the findings from animal model studies, that T. spiralis and its products induce an immunomodulatory network (which encompasses Th2- and Treg-type responses) that may allow the host to deal with various hyperimmune-associated disorders as well as tumor growth, although the latter still remains unclear. This review focuses on studies of the molecules released by T. spiralis, their interaction with pattern recognition receptors on antigen presenting cells, and subsequently provoked responses. This paper also addresses the immunomodulatory properties of ES L1 molecules and how the induced immunomodulation influences the course of different experimental inflammatory and malignant diseases.

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Antineoplastic Effects of Long-Term <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> Infection on B-16 Melanoma

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Experimental immunology Necrosis and apoptosis in Trichinella spiralis -mediated tumour reduction

Experimental immunology Necrosis and apoptosis in Trichinella spiralis -mediated tumour reduction

<i>In vitro</i> Responses of Spleen Cells from <i>Trichinella spirali</i><i>s</i>-Infected Mice

Secretory Products ofTrichinella spiralisMuscle Larvae and Immunomodulation: Implication for Autoimmune Diseases, Allergies, and Malignancies

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