Antinociceptive effect of citronellal in mice

Abstract:The central nervous system (CNS) depressant and anticonvulsant activities of citronellal (CT) were investigated in animal models. The CT in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg injected by i.p. route in mice caused a significant decrease in the motor activity of animals when compared with the control group. The highest dose of CT significantly reduced the remaining time of the animals on the Rota-rod apparatus up to 2 h. Additionally, CT at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/ kg (i.p.) was also capable to promote an increase of latency for development of convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). It was efficient in prevents the tonic convulsions induced by maximal electroshock (MES) in doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, resulting in 30 and 40% of protection, respectively. This compound was also capable to promote an increase of latency for development of convulsions induced by picrotoxin (PIC) at 400 mg/kg. In the same way, the anticonvulsant effect of CT was affected by pretreatment with flumazenil, a selective antagonist of benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptor. These results suggest a possible CNS depressant and anticonvulsant activities.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bioassay-guided evaluation of central nervous system effects of citronellal in rodents

Melo¹,

Santana²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2011

“…A high number of secondary metabolites obtained from medicinal plants, such as monoterpenes, have been extensively studied, with relevant results (Calixto et al, 2000;Almeida et al, 2001;Melo et al, 2010;Quintans-Júnior et al, 2010). In the present study, LEO and LIN demonstrated to play an antinociceptive effect using orofacial nociception tests and to inhibit hippocampal excitability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monoterpenes are the main components of these essential oils and the pharmacological properties of many medicinal plants have been attributed to them (Peana et al, 2004;De Sousa et al, 2006;De Sousa et al, 2007;Melo et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocimum basilicum leaf essential oil and (-)-linalool reduce orofacial nociception in rodents: a behavioral and electrophysiological approach

Venâncio¹,

Marchioro²,

Estavam³

et al. 2011

Abstract:The present study investigated the antinociceptive effects of Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) leaf essential oil (LEO) and (-)-linalool (LIN) in formalin (2%)-, glutamate (25 μM)-and capsaicin (2.5 µg)-induced orofacial nociception models in mice. The involvement of these substances was further evaluated on the neuronal excitability of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Male mice (n=8/group) were pretreated separately with LEO and by LIN (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, i.p.), morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and vehicle (saline + Tween 80 0.2%), before injection of nociceptive agent into the right upper lip (perinasal area). The LEO and LIN reduced the nociceptive face-rubbing behaviour in both phases on formalin test. LEO and LIN, at high doses, produced significantly antinociceptive effect in the capsaicin and glutamate tests. In hippocampal slices, LEO inhibited the population spike generated by stimulation of the hylus (antidromic stimulation), with an IC50 of 0.1±0.05 mg/mL. This response was reversibly blocked by lidocaine (0.5 mg/mL), a known voltage-dependent sodium channel antagonist and by LIN (0.5 mg/mL). Our results suggest that LEO and LIN modulate neurogenic and inflammatory pain in the tests of orofacial nociception induced by formalin, capsaicin and glutamate. Part of these effects may be associated with decreased peripheral and central neuronal excitability.

“…Monoterpenes are the primary components of these essential oils and the effects of many medicinal herbs have been attributed to them (Lima-Accioly et al, 2006;Quintans-Júnior et al, 2008b), including the studies realized by our group (De Sousa et al, 2006;Melo et al, 2010;Quintans-Júnior et al, 2010;Guimarães et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Citral reduces nociceptive and inflammatory response in rodents

Quintans‐Júnior¹,

Guimarães²,

Santana³

et al. 2011

Citral (CIT), which contains the chiral enantiomers, neral (cis) and geranial (trans), is the majority monoterpene from Lippia alba and Cymbopogon citratus. The present study aimed to evaluate CIT for antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities in rodents. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects were studied by measuring nociception through acetic acid and formalin tests, while inflammation was verified by inducing peritonitis and paw edema with carrageenan. All tested doses of CIT had significant protection (p<0.001) against acetic acid (0.8%) induced nociceptive behavior and the effects were also similar to morphine while formalin induced nociception was significantly protected (p<0.05) only at higher dose (200 mg/kg) of CIT in the first phase of the test. CIT significantly reduce (p<0.001) nociceptive behavior emanating from inflammation in second phase at all the doses.The pretreatment with CIT (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the paw edema induced by carrageenan. Moreover, systemic treatment with CIT (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p<0.001) the leukocyte migration in the carrageenaninduced migration to the peritoneal cavity. Our investigation shows that CIT possess significant central and peripheral antinociceptive effects. It was also verified an anti-inflammatory activity. All together these results suggest that CIT might represent important tool for treatment of painful conditions.