Antioxidant activity and biologic properties of a procyanidin-rich extract from pine (pinus maritima) bark, pycnogenol

Packer, Lester; Rimbach, Gerald; Virgili, Fabio

doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(99)00090-8

Cited by 587 publications

(471 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

439

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…One of these antioxidants is Pycnogenol V R , which is a French maritime pine bark extract. It is a mixture of flavonoids and is used in multivitamins, dietary supplements, health products for its high antioxidant activity (Packer et al 1999). Pycnogenol V R is used for a wide variety of medical conditions caused by oxidative stress such as nephrotoxicity, diabetes, hepatotoxicity and tinnitus (Yang et al 2008;Parveen et al 2009;Luzzi et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats

Eryılmaz

Eliyatkın

Demirci

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context: PycnogenolV R , which is French maritime pine bark extract, is a potent antioxidant. It is used in medical conditions caused by oxidative stress. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II) is an antineoplastic agent. However, its serious side effects such as ototoxicity limit its usage. Objective: Antioxidants can be used to prevent ototoxicity. We investigated the effect of Pycnogenol V R on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Materials and methods: Rats were randomly assigned to four groups of five. Distortion product-evoked otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) test was performed for each rat. The experimental groups were as follows: Control Group, Pycnogenol V R Group: 10 mg/kg Pycnogenol V R intraperitoneally for 7 days, Cisplatin Group: intraperitoneally 15 mg/kg single injection of cisplatin on the fifth day, Cisplatin þ Pycnogenol V R Group: intraperitoneally 10 mg/kg Pycnogenol V R treatment for 7 days, additionally on the fifth day, 15 mg/kg single injection of cisplatin was given. On the eighth day, DPOAE was re-performed and rats were sacrificed. Apoptosis was evaluated histopathologically. Results: Mean percentage of apoptotic cells was 1.5, 3, 30 and 11% in organ of Corti and 2, 2, 40, 15% in spiral ganglion neurons in Control Group, Pycnogenol V R Group, Cisplatin Group and Cisplatin þ Pycnogenol V R Group, respectively. Cisplatin Group and Cisplatin þ Pycnogenol V R Group were significantly different when compared to Control Group histopathologically both in organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neuron (p <0.001, p ¼ 0.019, p ¼ 0.001, p ¼ 0.015). DPOAE results showed that Cisplatin þ Pycnogenol V R Group was significantly different when compared to Cisplatin Group at 3, 6 and 8 kHz (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pycnogenol protected against cisplatin ototoxicity. Also, pycnogenol is not ototoxic. ARTICLE HISTORY

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats

Eryılmaz

Eliyatkın

Demirci

et al. 2016

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The antioxidant activities of this extract have been described. It could be been shown in vitro that Pycnogenol® is a free radical scavenger (Packer et al, 1999), that it stimulates activities of antioxidant enzymes like Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Fitzpatrick et al, 1998) and that it influences the glutathione metabolism (Berryman et al, 2004 , 2006; Joshi et al, 2006;Ross, et al, 2003; Spahis et al, 2008) as well as in adults suffering from ADHD (Bulut et al, 2007;Selek et al, 2008). Also Ginko biloba has been shown to be effective for treating ADHD however being less effective than methylphenidate (Niederhofer, 2010, Salehi et al, 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pycnogenol ® stands for a bark extract of the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and mainly consists of procyanidines as well as catechins and phenolic acids (Packer et al, 1999). The antioxidant activities of this extract have been described.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antioxidant activities of this extract have been described. It could be been shown in vitro that Pycnogenol® is a free radical scavenger (Packer et al, 1999), that it stimulates activities of antioxidant enzymes like Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Fitzpatrick et al, 1998) and that it influences the glutathione metabolism (Berryman et al, 2004). Furthermore, protective effects of Pycnogenol ® on neuronal cells in context with toxic insults like acrolein (Ansari et al, 2008), β-amyloid (Peng These characteristics of Pycnogenol ® may be important factors for the treatment of ADHD, because indices for reactive oxygen species induced oxidative stress have been discussed in children and young adults, in part controversially (Antalis et al, 2006;Chovanova et al, 2006;Joshi et al, 2006;Ross, et al, 2003;Spahis et al, 2008) as well as in adults suffering from ADHD (Bulut et al, 2007;Selek et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of plant extracts tested in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment on cell survival and energy metabolism in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells

Schmidt

Krieg

Hemmeter

et al. 2010

Phytotherapy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant extracts like Hypericum perforatum and Pycnogenol ® have been tested as alternatives to the classical ADHD drugs. It has been possible to describe neuroprotective effects of such plant extracts. A reduction of ADHD symptoms could be shown in clinical studies after the application of Pycnogenol ® , which is a pine bark extract. The impacts of the standardized herbal extracts Hypericum perforatum, Pycnogenol ® and Enzogenol ® up to a concentration of 5.000 ng/ml on cell survival and energy metabolism in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells has been investigated in the present examination. Hypericum perforatum significantly decreased survival of cells after treatment with a concentration of 5000 ng/ml, whereas lower concentrations exerted no significant effects. Pycnogenol ® induced a significant increase of cell survival after incubation with a concentration of 32.25 ng/ml and a concentration of 250 ng/ml. Other applied concentrations of Pycnogenol ® failed to exert significant effects. Treatment with Enzogenol ® did not lead to significant changes in cell survival.Concerning energy metabolism, treatment of cells with a concentration of 5000 ng/ml Hypericum perforatum led to a significant increase of ATP levels, whereas treatment with a concentration of 500 ng/ml had no significant effect. Incubation of cells with Pycnogenol ® and Enzogenol ® exerted no significant effects.None of the tested substances caused any cytotoxic effect when used in therapeutically-relevant concentrations. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 The extract of Hypericum perforatum is known to exert both antioxidative properties and protective effects (e.g. Benedi et al., 2004;Breyer at al., 2007; El-Sherbiny et al., 2003;Sanchez-Reus et al., 2007). However, no improvement of ADHD symptoms after a treatment of eight weeks has been found in a recently published randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled study (Weber et al., 2008). The patients had not received any other drugs during this study.A plant extract which has been discussed extensively in terms of ADHD treatment over the last few years is Pycnogenol ® . Pycnogenol ® stands for a bark extract of the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and mainly consists of procyanidines as well as catechins and phenolic acids (Packer et al., 1999). The antioxidant activities of this extract have been described. It could be been shown in vitro that Pycnogenol® is a free radical scavenger (Packer et al., 1999), that it stimulates activities of antioxidant enzymes like Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Fitzpatrick et al., 1998) and that it influences the glutathione metabolism (Berryman et al., 2004 , 2006; Joshi et al., 2006;Ross, et al., 2003; Spahis et al., 2008) as well as in adults suffering from ADHD (Bulut et al., 2007;Selek et al., 2008). Also Ginko biloba has been shown to be effective for tre...

show abstract

“…The extract was shown to have potent antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity (21,22). Torras et al (23) found that PYC possesses marked bacteriostatic activity against a broad range of microorganisms, including cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of French Pine Bark Extract Chewing Gum on Oral Malodor and Salivary Bacteria

Watanabe

Hiramine

Toyama

et al. 2018

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Frequent or persistent malodor (halitosis) represents a considerable embarrassment to those affected. French pine bark extract, Pycnogenol ® (PYC), has displayed antibacterial activity against a broad range of bacterial species. In the present study, anticipated benefits of PYC on diminishing halitosis were investigated. Ten healthy males and 11 females, aged 40.1612.3 y, were recruited based on threshold breath sulfur compounds presence, diagnosed by portable gas chromatography. Subjects were randomly assigned to either sugar-free gums, or gums bearing an additional 2.5 mg PYC per piece. The subjects were required to consume two pieces of PYC or placebo gum six times daily for 15 min. The levels of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), measured by OralChroma TM , and tongue-coating score were recorded at baseline, 2, and 4 wk. Hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria in saliva were cultured on Brucella blood agar plates containing 0.05% cysteine, 0.12% glutathione, and 0.02% lead acetate. The group consuming PYC chewing gum reduced exhaled hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide significantly (p,0.01) after 2 wk versus baseline. Continuation of daily PYC-gum consumption for 4 wk remarkably lowered the tongue-coating score and exhaled hydrogen sulfide was significantly decreased compared to the placebo group. PYC chewing gum significantly reduced hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria in saliva after 4 wk (p,0.01), with no effects observed in the placebo control. The results suggest that PYC chewing gum is effective in reducing oral malodor by decreasing the accumulation of tongue coating and the number of hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria in saliva.

show abstract

Antioxidant activity and biologic properties of a procyanidin-rich extract from pine (pinus maritima) bark, pycnogenol

Cited by 587 publications

References 86 publications

Protective effect of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats

Protective effect of Pycnogenol on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats

Impact of plant extracts tested in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment on cell survival and energy metabolism in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells

Effects of French Pine Bark Extract Chewing Gum on Oral Malodor and Salivary Bacteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About