Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of acorn shells

Abstract

Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of water extract (WE) and methanol extract (ME) of acorn shells (AS), from Carruth. grown in Korea, were investigated. At a concentration of 50 μg/mL, the WE had a scavenging activity of 53.84% for the DPPH and 76.09% for the ABTS radical, while the ME had corresponding scavenging activities of 29.09 and 48.43%. Total phenolic contents of WE and ME were 375.96 and 288.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of extracts, respectively. Both extracts significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, and concomitantly decreased the size and number of intracellular lipid droplets. Furthermore, the antiadipogenic activities of WE and ME are largely limited in the pre- and early stages of adipogenesis. The results suggest that AS may be a promising source of antioxidants and anti-obesity compounds.

The phytochemical rich potential of acorn (Quercus aegilops) products and by products

“…1, AS presented the highest antioxidant activity, followed by unleached acorn nuts and finally AF. The antioxidant potency of acorn shells has been also reported by Youn et al [26], where the examined polar extracts (of lower concentration) presented similar with the present study % DPPH inhibition values. The 60% of the initial antioxidant activity of acorn nut (UAN) is lost during the leaching procedure for the preparation of edible flour.…”

“…Finally, the acorn shells (AS) which is a by product, contained 38.7 ± 0.8 mg GAE/g dry shell, implying its potency for efficient exploitation as phenol source. Cantos et al [1] also reported that in Q. suber, the contribution of skin to TP content was relatively high, whereas acorn shell extracts from Q. acutissima Carruth have been also reported to be a good phenolic and antioxidant source [26].…”

Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.) Fruits as Potential Alternative for Cocoa Powder: Optimization of Roasting Conditions, Antioxidant, and Biological Properties

“…This is due to the fact that during the heat treatment, the tannins that are found in a fairly high amount in the raw acorn degrade, and thus increase the content of non-tannin phenolic compounds, especially gallic acid. In order to obtain a more complete view, the results obtained were correlated with those obtained by Youn et al, who obtained values between 375.96 (water extract) and 288.01 mg GAE/g (methanol extract) for acorns of Quercus acutissima Carruth [49]. Ranjbar Nedamani et al obtained different results for oak fruits (Quercus branti) of 22.64 g of gallic acid per 100 g (methanol extract / dry weight) [50] compared to us, and Khanav et al obtained results of up to 88.43 GAE/100 g (water:methanol extract) [51].…”

Antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of the nuts of Castanopsis cuspidata var. thunbergii

“…Similarly, chestnut shells have been reported to contain high amounts of phenolics, with the TPC of the WE and ME being 55.8 and 32.5 g GAE/100 g extract, respectively [15]. Acorn shells have also been reported to contain high amounts of phenolics, with the TPC of the WE and ME being 375.96 and 288.01 mg GAE/g extract, respectively [16]. The antioxidant activity of CCT extracts was evaluated by estimating their free radical scavenging activity (RSA).…”