Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Rubber Seed Oil in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 267.4 Macrophages

Abstract

Rubber seed oil (RSO) is a typical PUFA-enriched plant oil, but it has not been widely used as a healthy edible oil resource due to the lack of understanding of its nutritional values, health biological effects, and action mechanisms. This work was conducted to characterize the basic physicochemical properties, evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and explore the involved mechanisms of RSO in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In the present study, the basic physicochemical parameters of RSO indicated that RSO has good qualities as a potential edible plant oil resource. In LPS-induced macrophages, RSO supplementation displayed a significant antioxidant effect by decreasing ROS and MDA levels as well as elevating T-AOC. In addition, RSO supplementation showed an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α while promoting the production of IL-10. Moreover, RSO supplementation decreased the mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and MCP-1 genes while increasing the mRNA expression of the IL-10 gene. Furthermore, RSO supplementation increased Nrf2 protein expression and up-regulated antioxidant genes (HO-1 and NQO-1), which was accompanied by the decrease in TLR4 protein expression and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation as well as IκBα phosphorylation. This study provided some insight into the applications of RSO as a healthy edible oil resource.

Protective effect of wogonin on inflammatory responses in BisGMA‐treated macrophages through the inhibition of MAPK and NFκB pathways

“…Proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, IL‐1β, and IL‐6, that are generated in macrophages are key mediators of inflammation and immunity 24,25 . As indicated by ELISA results illustrated in Figure 2, the generation of proinflammatory cytokines was significantly induced by BisGMA at 3 μM ( p < .05).…”

“…The content of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6, was considerably elevated in the activated macrophages under inflammatory conditions. 24,25 The expression of the proinflammatory cytokines was attenuated by wogonin in the RAW26.7 macrophages cotreated with LPS, ethanol, double-stranded RNA, and the serum of mice cotreated with streptozotocin. 4,5,37 The upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the macrophages was induced by BisGMA.…”

Salecan ameliorates liver injury by regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites

“…The Nrf2-Keap1 system is a specific and intracellular defensive pathway that counteracts oxidative stress. 44 Therapeutic approaches to counteract oxidative stress via Nrf2-Keap1 enhancement may be an effective strategy for treating liver diseases. A previous study indicated that β-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ameliorates oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated macrophages via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.…”

Protective effect of rubber seed oil on human endothelial cells

“…In recent years, some preliminary studies have concluded that RSO has no toxicity (Gandhi et al 1990) and possesses increased catalase activities in fish (Deng et al 2015) and radical scavenging abilities as a cosmetic (Lourith et al 2014). In several studies, RSO exhibited anti-inflammatory property because it can reduce the level of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α and INF-γ) in fish and inhibit the production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 267.4 macrophages (Pi et al 2019;Liu et al 2022). However, the roles of RSO in human diseases are not well understood.…”