Antioxidant and antiplatelet activities of flavonoid-rich fractions of three citrus fruits from Korea

Abstract

Three different fractional (methanol, ethyl acetate and hexane) extracts from yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka), hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov × C. sinensis Osbeck) × C. reticulata Blanco] and orange (C. sinensis) were evaluated for their antioxidant activity and antiplatelet effects. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods were used for the antioxidant activity tests. Total flavonoids and total phenolics were also evaluated spectrophotometrically. The ethyl acetate fraction contained the highest total flavonoid and total phenolic content and exhibited the highest antioxidant activities (185.2 ± 14.5 and 208.7 ± 17.5 mg/g dry extract for FRAP and CUPRAC values, respectively). The total phenolic and total flavonoid content ranged from 58.2 ± 1.4 to 102.4 ± 8.6 and 19.6 ± 0.5 to 64.3 ± 0.8 mg/g dry extract, respectively. The results of DPPH assay showed that ethyl acetate fractions had the least IC50 values (0.12 ± 0.002, 0.04 ± 0.0006, in mg/mL for orange and hallabong samples, respectively) followed by the hexane fraction (0.19 ± 0.007 mg/mL) of the orange sample. For all fractions, the antioxidant activity and contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids correlated well with each other. In vitro investigation of the antiplatelet effect showed that ethyl acetate fraction has the highest inhibition (84.3 ± 5.8 to 96.1 ± 1.8 %). Hexane and MeOH fractions of hallabong and orange samples inhibited platelet aggregations by less than or equal to 41 %.

Effect of Polyphenols From Campomanesia adamantium on Platelet Aggregation and Inhibition of Cyclooxygenases: Molecular Docking and in Vitro Analysis

“…The antioxidant capacity of flavonoids occurs through the donation of hydrogen atoms from an aromatic hydroxyl group to the free radical, leading to the stabilization of the free radical and consequently the prevention of diseases ( Duthie et al, 2003 ). The search for natural antioxidants is therefore of substantial interest to human health, since flavonoids, for example, are reported to inhibit platelet aggregation ( Assefa et al, 2016 ).…”

Beneficial Effects of Citrus Flavonoids on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health

“…Flavonoids possess multiple therapeutic benefits against cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and CVD. Given their antihyperlipidemic effects and their regulatory role in lipid metabolism, flavonoids can reduce cell adhesion and improve the function of vascular endothelium [ 179 – 181 ]. Therefore, flavonoids have been proposed as novel candidates for the development of therapeutic agents counteracting several disease conditions associated with thrombotic events [ 182 , 183 ].…”

Antithrombotic activity of flavonoids and polyphenols rich plant species

“…Sage extracts are extremely potent, and require further studies. Extracts of yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka), hallabong ((C. unshiu Marcov × C. sinensis Osbeck) × C. reticulata Blanco) and orange (C. sinensis Osbeck) have shown platelet aggregation reduction using methanol, ethyl acetate or hexane as extraction solvent (41). At the concentration of 1 g L -1 all ethyl acetate extracts showed nearly complete inhibition of platelet aggregation in the test induced by collagen, with reduction of platelet aggregation comparable to the 1.7 mmol L -1 acetylsalicylic acid.…”