Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Activities of Flavonoid Glycosides-rich Extract from the Leaves of <i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i>

Abstract

The Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaf has been traditionally taken as a vegetable and seasoning in China.To disclose the mechanisms of its benefit for human health, antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effect of the leaf were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest ABTS and DPPH radicals scavenging activities as compared with chloroform and water fractions, as well as the crude extract. This fraction exhibited a protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells by MTT reduction assay. Furthermore, the cytoprotective effect was confirmed using flow cytometry analysis. Comparing with the model cells, the ethyl acetate fraction significantly increased G0/G1 and G2/M phase cells together with reducing S phase cells. Ten flavonoid glycosides were identified as isovitexin, vitexin, hyperoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, foeniculin, trifolin, quercitrin, astragalin, and afzelin from this fraction using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This is the first report for the presence of vitexin, isovitexin, astragalin, trifolin and afzelin in Z. bungeanum. Hence, the results present here suggest the potential utility of Z. bungeanum leaf as a source of natural antioxidant due to its diversity and high content of flavonoids.

High Anti-oxidative and Lipid-lowering Activities of Flavonoid Glycosides-rich Extract from the Leaves of <i>Z</i><i>an</i><i>t</i><i>h</i><i>o</i><i>xyl</i><i>u</i><i>m</i><i> </i><i>b</i><i>u</i><i>n</i><i>geanum </i>in Multi-system

“…The lyophilized product was kept in deep freezer and used in this experiment. Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were determined according to the previous study [10]. Briefly, the total phenolics were quantified by using Folin-Ciocalteu method [ 1 1 ] .…”

“…In our previous study, ZLE was quantified to have ten flavonoids, including isovitexin, vitexin, hyperoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, foeniculin, trifolin, quercitrin, astragalin and afzelin [10], especially hyperoside, rutin and isoquercitrin with a higher content in ZLE. Hyperoside, rutin and isoquercitrin had previously been reported to act as oxygen-free radical scavengers and protect against lipid peroxidation and were extensively used for the clinical treatment of anti-oxidation [20,21,24,25].…”

“…Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaf, commonly called "Huajiao" leaf in Chinese, is widely used as a vegetable and seasoning in China [9]. Previous study had also found that Z. bungeanum leaves extract, especially the Z. bungeanum ethyl acetate extract from 70% MeOH extract (hereafter defined as ZLE) might be a potential source of natural antioxidants because of its high content of flavonoids including isovitexin, vitexin, hyperoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, foeniculin, trifolin, quercitrin, astragalin and afzelin [10]. However, the pharmacological properties about the anti-hyperlipidemia and the action mechanism of ZLE are unclear.…”

Influence of Tea Polyphenols on the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivio</i>

“…Total antioxidant activity of TP was determined using DPPH decolorization assay with slight modification [16,17]. DPPH solution in methanol (0.1 mmol/L) was prepared and used fresh for each test.…”

Geranyl Favonoid from Breadfruit Regulate Dyslipidemia in Hypercholesterolemic Rat

“…Therapeutic effects of food and herbal medicines rich in GF have led to a rapid growth of knowledge in this area [8,9,10,11]. The natural flavonoids from many plants have also been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-hypercholesterolemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities [12,13,14,15]. To the best of our knowledge, the effect of GF from Artocarpus altilis on hypercholesterolemia related to its antioxidative property has not been symmetrically evaluated.…”