Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activities of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Hyptis suaveolens methanol extract (HSME) using various in vitro systems. The total phenol and flavonoids contents of the HSME were quantified by colorimetric methods. The HSME extract exhibited potent antioxidant activity as determined by 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. The neuroprotective activity of HSME was determined on mouse N2A neuroblastoma cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, lactate dehydrogenase, intracellular ROS assays, and upregulation of brain neuronal markers at genetic level. The N2A cells were pretreated with different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/ml) of the extract and then exposed to H2O2 to induce oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. The survival of the cells treated with different concentrations of HSME and H2O2 increased as compared to cells exposed only to H2O2 (47.3 %) (p < 0.05). The HSME also dose-dependently reduced LDH leakage and intracellular ROS production (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with HSME promotes the upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (2.41-fold, p < 0.05), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genes (2.15-fold, p < 0.05) against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in N2A cells. Moreover, the HSME showed antioxidant activity and decreased neurotoxicity. These observations suggest that HSME have marked antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.

Cytotoxic effects of oosporein isolated from endophytic fungus Cochliobolus kusanoi

“…Reactive Oxygen Species plays an important role in oxidative damage to cellular system which leads to cell injury and death ( Ghaffari et al, 2014 ). In the presence of ROS, DCFH is oxidized to highly fluorescent dichlorofluorescein (DCF; LeBel et al, 1992 ).…”

“…In the present study effect of oosporein on MMP collapse was assessed by fluorescent rhodamine 123. With decrease in MMP the intracellular rhodamine 123 dye subsequently gets released from the plasma membrane and shows decreased fluorescence ( Ghaffari et al, 2014 ). The diffusion and accumulation of rhodamine 123 in mitochondria is directly proportional to the extent of MMP ( Ubl et al, 1996 ).…”

Neuroprotective Effect of Rice and Corn Extracts Against H2O2-Induced Neurotoxicity in HT22 Murine Hippocampal Neuronal Cells

“…Several studies have demonstrated that BDNF has a mechanism related to H 2 O 2 toxicity. Cells exposed to H 2 O 2 resulted in the decreased BDNF level (Huang & McNamara 2012;Ghaffari et al 2014). Moreover, several lines of evidence showed the preventive effect of BDNF on neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Pharmacological Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Oral and Skin Infections in Ebem-Ohafia District, Abia State, Nigeria

“…The total phenolic content present in these extracts was quantified by the Folin Ciocalteu reagent (FCR), using the method of Ghaffari et al [ 12 ]. Briefly, 0.2 mL of the plant extract (2 mg/mL) was added to the reaction mixture consisting of 1 mL of 10% v/v FCR and 0.8 mL of Na 2 CO 3 (0.075 mg/mL) to give a final concentration of 0.2 mg/mL of each extract.…”