Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Preparations Extracted from Ganoderma Lucidum Mushroom

Abstract

Two chitosan extracts were prepared by chemical and enzymatic treatment of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom, as an alternative source to crustacean shells. The molecular weight of the enzymatic extract was lower than that of the chemical one and of shrimp chitosan, as determined by viscosity measurements. Characteristic signals were identified in the 1H‐NMR spectra and high deacetylation degree indicated good physico‐chemical properties for both mushroom chitosan extracts. The scavenging capacity of mushroom chitosan extracts was moderate against the synthetic radicals of 2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), but higher values were observed for the enzymatic extract, compared to the chemical extract and shrimp chitosan. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in L929 mouse fibroblast cell lines and the results of MTT assay showed good cytocompatibility in the tested range of concentrations. The growth of Gram‐positive bacteria was inhibited more than Gram‐negative bacteria in the presence of mushroom chitosan extracts, in particular by the chemical one, indicating their efficiency as antimicrobial agents. All these results strengthen the evidence of mushroom polysaccharide preparations availability for biomedical applications.

Mushrooms as Functional and Nutritious Food Ingredients for Multiple Applications

“…While there are a number of studies studying chitin as a packaging and edible film, , direct addition of chitin as a food ingredient has been seldom studied with mixed results. Chitin extracted from shiitake stipe substituted a small percentage of wheat flour (2 to 7%, w/w) in bread preparations, but negative appearance, color, flavor, and texture results were reported.…”

Comparative Palynological, Physicochemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Romanian Honey Varieties for Biomedical Applications

“…The TEAC of honey samples was carried out as previously described. [72] Briefly, a solution of 7 mM 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS cation radical) (Sigma) was mixed with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate solution and incubated in the dark, at room temperature, for 16 h. Before use, the ABTS cation radical stock solution was adjusted to an absorbance of 0.7 (� 0.05) at 734 nm. Then, 0.9 mL ABTS cation radical solution was mixed with 0.1 mL honey sample (100-200 mg/mL diluted in 80 % methanol) and incubated in the dark, at room temperature, for 10 min.…”

Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Capacity of Hyrosols From Lamiaceae Plants for Biopesticide Use. The Role of Phenolic Compounds

“…Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay TEAC assay based on sample's ability to scavenge cationic free radicals of 2,2'-azino-bis(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) was conducted according to previous protocol [22]. Brie y, ABTS stock solution was prepared by mixing 7 mM ABTS solution with 2.45 mM potassium persulfate in a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) and incubation in the dark, for 16 h. The solution absorbance at 734 nm was brought to 0.7 by diluting in distilled water.…”