Antioxidant defense system and cadmium uptake in barley genotypes differing in cadmium tolerance

Tiryakioglu, Melis; Eker, S.; Özkutlu, Faruk; Husted, Søren; Çakmak, İsmail

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.12.004

Cited by 161 publications

(125 citation statements)

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“…Occurrence of these symptoms was associated with reductions in dry matter production. Cadmium affected root growth more than shoot growth, especially at elevated Cadmium levels, confirming the results found in pea plant, [2] radish and barley [15]. Greater sensitivity of roots to cadmium than shoots might be related to the fact that roots are the first organs to be in contact with cadmium, accumulating it at much higher amounts than shoots.The water content in pea plants decreased gradually and significantly with the increase of Cd concentration (Table 1).…”

Section: ©Ijraset (Ugc Approved Journal): All Rights Are Reservedsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of Heavy Metal Stress (Cadmium) on Morphological Physiological Activity and Anatomy of Cow Pea Plant (Vigna Uncuigulata)

S¹

2017

IJRASET

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This study was done to examine the effect of heavy metal on the growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and some key physio-biochemical attributes in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L]. In this study 21 days old seedlings of Cow pea plant (Vigna unguiculata L) were subject to different heavy metal stress levels (0g, 0.1g and 0.2g Cd) at germination and early seedling growth stage of plant development. Data were analyzed for growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weight, leaf water content (LWC), and length of radicle and plumule during germination period, and biochemical parameters such as proline content, membrane stability index (MSI), malondealdehyde (MDA) content, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity Catalase (CAT) and Peroxidase (POD). It was seen that the effect of heavy metal stress reduced plant height, fresh and dry weight, LWC, radical and plumule length. I. INTRODUCTIONEnvironmental abiotic stresses, such as presence of heavy metals have been found to a stress factor for plants throughout the world. Many experiments described that cadmium (Cd) known as a non-essential toxic heavy metal produces physiological and morphological alterations in plants such as reduction in photosynthesis or growth as well as results in chlorosis in leaves. These indicators results in oxidative stress which is expressed as increase of lipid peroxidation (LP), formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease in the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Worldwide agricultural soils are slightly to considerably contaminated from heavy metals that limit the crop plants to achieve their full genetic potential and also reduce their productivity. Soil pollution by heavy metals has reasonably increased in last few decades due to discharge of wastewater and waste from anthropogenic sources. There are many illustrations which show that some aspects of Cd stress that make changes in morphological, physiological and biochemical changes of plants. Cd stress declines photosynthetic rate. This is due to limited access of CO 2 which results in a decrease in the gas exchange process and the results triggers reduction in the growth and productivity of the plant. It also reduce leaf size, stems extension and root proliferation and decrease water absorption and transportation by causing turgor loss through decreasing the cell wall elasticity. Cd stress increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. ROS is harmful for the cell components. Cadmium toxicity also results in alterations in the antioxidant systems. This research focuses on the ability and strategies of higher plants to respond adapt and overcome the Cd stress. In this study the 21 days old seedings of Cow pea plant (Vigna unguiculata L) were subject to different Cadmium levels (0g, 0.1g and 0.2g NaCl) at germination and early seedling growth stage of plant development. Data were analyzed for growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weight, leaf water content (LWC), and length of radicle and...

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Section: ©Ijraset (Ugc Approved Journal): All Rights Are Reservedsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of Heavy Metal Stress (Cadmium) on Morphological Physiological Activity and Anatomy of Cow Pea Plant (Vigna Uncuigulata)

S¹

2017

IJRASET

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“…Decrease in glutathione content with Cd stress has been reported in sunflower leaves (Laspina et al, 2005) and in pea (Dixit et al, 2001). However, an increase also has been reported under Cd stress (Tiryakioglu et al, 2006). Laspina et al (2005) have reported a positive effect of NO on GSH content in Cd treated sunflower leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Activation of the ascorbate glutathione cycle has been found to be essential in stressed plants to control oxidative damage (Alscher et al, 1997). It is an efficient pathway which detoxifies H 2 O 2 and is of great importance under heavy metal stress (Tiryakioglu et al, 2006). The cycle includes two low molecular weight antioxidant (ascorbic acid and glutathione) and antioxidant enzymes such as APX, GR, DHAR and MDHAR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide induced alleviation of toxic effects of short term and long term Cd stress on growth, oxidative metabolism and Cd accumulation in Chickpea

Kumari

Sheokand

Swaraj

2010

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The present study investigates the effect of long and short term Cd stress in chickpea plants and evaluates the protective effect of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) supplementation using sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Cadmium treatments were given before sowing (long term stress) and thirty days after germination (short term stress). Sodium nitroprusside was given as foliar spray 30 days after germination to both long and short term Cd treated plants. Cadmium adversely affected the membranes as was evident from increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation levels. Sodium nitroprusside treatments decreased ion leakage and lipid peroxidation levels significantly. Short term Cd stress resulted in a higher induction of the catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase as compared to long term Cd stress. Nitric oxide showed its positive effect by further increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Cadmium stress also altered the level of antioxidant metabolites by reducing the ascorbate redox ratio (ASC/DHA) and glutathione redox ratio (GSH/GSSG). Sodium nitroprusside treatments increased the redox ratios. Cadmium also adversely affected the seed yield and a greater decline was observed with long term Cd stress as compared to short term Cd stress. Nitric oxide had a positive effect on seed yield and Cd accumulation. The study concludes that an exogenous supply of NO protects chickpea plants from Cd toxicity.

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“…Plants adopt heavy metals in the form of ions or organic complexes [10]. The process of adoption depends on the characteristics of the soil itself, the content of organic matter, accessible nutrients, the processes in the rhizosphere, and the application of phosphate, lime, and pH, the intensity of light and temperature, as well as cultivated genotype [11][12][13][14]. There is a frequent occurrence of damage to the mechanisms of regulation and adoption of ions by plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Soil and Application of New Plant Materials in the Process of Phytoremediation

Babincev¹

2017

J Bioremediat Biodegrad

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The aim of this paper is to determine the concentration of Pb, Cd, and Zn in: I) alluvial soil; and II) plants: a) vegetable: lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and common onion (Allium cepa); b) legumes: bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and red clover (Trifolium pretense L.); and c) grasses (weed plants): zubach (Cynodon dactylon) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceous Schreb.); as well as III) determination of new plant species suitable for bioaccumulation and phytoremediation processes.The experimental work was carried out through vegetation experiments, and the concentration of metal was determined by potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA). The obtained results show that: I) the concentration of metals in the analyzed soil is above the allowed values at all measuring points; II) a) concentration of Cd in leaf and Pb at the root of the lettuce is increased; b) the concentration of the metal in the bird's-foot trefoil and the red clover is lower than the critical value for the plants; c) in grasses (weed plants), tall fescue and couch grass, the concentration of metal is higher than critical in all measuring points, and in some places it has a value that is toxic for plants; and e) weed plants: tall fescue and couch grass contain high concentrations of heavy metals indicating a certain degree of tolerance and the possibility of using these plants in the bioaccumulation and phytoremediation process.

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Antioxidant defense system and cadmium uptake in barley genotypes differing in cadmium tolerance

Cited by 161 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of Heavy Metal Stress (Cadmium) on Morphological Physiological Activity and Anatomy of Cow Pea Plant (Vigna Uncuigulata)

Effect of Heavy Metal Stress (Cadmium) on Morphological Physiological Activity and Anatomy of Cow Pea Plant (Vigna Uncuigulata)

Nitric oxide induced alleviation of toxic effects of short term and long term Cd stress on growth, oxidative metabolism and Cd accumulation in Chickpea

Heavy Metals in Soil and Application of New Plant Materials in the Process of Phytoremediation

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