Antioxidant enzyme activities in embryologic and early larval stages of turbot

Activity Development of Selected Detoxication Enzymes during the Ontogenesis of the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…From turbot (Scophtaltamus maximus) larvae, increasing activities in total and Se-dependent GP-X were found three days after hatching and additionally the Se-dependent GP-X increased further up to 11 days post hatch, when the larvae started feeding, whereas total GP-X decreased again (PETERS and LIVINGSTONE, 1996). Increased enzyme activities in D. rerio and pearldanio embryos (D. albolineatus) at hatching were observed for enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism too: glucose-6-phospat dehydrogenase and phosphogluconat dehydrogenase, which demonstrate the demand of carbohydrate energy during this period (HART and PONTIER, 1982).…”

“…The activity of the Se-dependent GP-X was measured colourimetrically using hydrogen peroxide as model substrate according to PETERS and LIVINGSTONE (1996). Enzyme activity was calculated in terms of the protein content of the sample with bovine albumine as a standard (BRADFORD, 1976) and is given in nkat/mg protein (katal = conversion rate of one mol substrate per second).…”

“…This might be caused by a possibly incomplete developed detoxication system. Some of the detoxication enzymes like cytochrome P -450, GSTs, glutathione-peroxidases, and superoxide dismutases are detectable also in early developmental stages of several fish species (VIGANO et al, 1995;MONOD et al, 1996;PETERS and LIVINGSTONE, 1996). In adult fish, activity of phase I and II detoxication enzymes can be altered due to species, age, sex and abiotic factors like temperature and season (GEORGE et al, 1990;FÖRLIN et al, 1995;OTTO and MOON, 1996), similarly, the activity of these enzymes in developing fish vary with the ontogenic stage.…”

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“…However, some contradictive results for antioxidant enzyme activities during the early development of fish were reported in different studies. The activity of SOD decreased through the early development in turbot (Peters and Livingstone 1996) and Dentex dentex (Mourente et al, 1999) while the activity of CAT and GPx increased. In some other species such as Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) SOD showed no difference during early developmental stages (Kalaimani et al, 2008).…”

“…However, only a few studies focused on early development of fish in this sense (Aceto et al, 1994;Peters and Livingstone, 1996;Rudneva, 1999;Mourente et al, 1999;Fontagne et al, 2008;Kalaimani et al, 2008;Diaz et al, 2010).…”