Antioxidant Mechanisms of the Oligopeptides (FWKVV and FMPLH) from Muscle Hydrolysate of Miiuy Croaker against Oxidative Damage of HUVECs

Abstract

In this work, the antioxidant mechanisms of bioactive oligopeptides (FWKVV and FMPLH) from protein hydrolysate of miiuy croaker muscle against H2O2-damaged human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were researched systemically. The finding demonstrated that the HUVEC viability treated with ten antioxidant peptides (M1 to M10) at 100.0 μM for 24 h was not significantly affected compared with that of the normal group ( P < 0.05 ). Furthermore, FWKVV and FMPLH at 100.0 μM could very significantly enhance the viabilities ( 75.89 ± 1.79 % and 70.03 ± 4.37 % ) of oxidative-damaged HUVECs by H2O2 compared with those of the model group ( 51.66 ± 2.48 % ) ( P < 0.001 ). The results indicated that FWKVV and FMPLH played their protective functions through increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) in oxidative-damaged HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the comet assay revealed that FWKVV and FMPLH could dose-dependently protect deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from oxidative damage in the HUVEC model. These results suggested that antioxidant pentapeptides (FWKVV and FMPLH) could serve as potential antioxidant additives applied in the food products, pharmaceuticals, and health supplements.

Twelve Antioxidant Peptides From Protein Hydrolysate of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Roe Prepared by Flavourzyme: Purification, Sequence Identification, and Activity Evaluation

“…To evaluate the antioxidative abilities of 12 isolated APs (TRP1 to TRP12), radical scavenging assay, Ferricreducing power, lipid peroxidation inhibition assay, and cytoprotection on H 2 O 2 -damaged Chang live cells were conducted. (18,19), loach (PSYV: 17.0 mg/ml) (52), skipjack tuna head (ERGPLGPH: 0.93 mg/ml; DAGPYGPI: 1.33 mg/ml; VEE: 3.76 mg/ml) (6), and Salmo salar pectoral fin (TTANIEDRR: 2.503 mg/ml) (53). Therefore, TRP3, TRP4, TRP7, TRPH8, TRPH9, and TRP12 could strongly hold back the DPPH• reaction by donating hydrogens or directly clearing away free radicals.…”

“…The EC 50 values of TRP3, TRP4, TRPH7, TRPH9, and TRP12 on HO• were 0.456 ± 0.015, 0.536 ± 0.021, 0.476 ± 0.051, 0.369 ± 0.052, and 0.413 ± 0.019 mg/ml, respectively, which were notably less than those of other seven isolated APs (p < 0.05) (Table 3). In addition, the EC 50 values of TRP6, TRP7, TRPH8, TRPH9, and TRP17 were less than those of APs from miiuy croaker swim bladders (0.68, 2.31, 2.35, 2.45, and 2.85 mg/ml for FPYLRH, FTGMD, GFYAA, FSGLR, and VPDD, respectively) (50), Antarctic krill (VEKGK: 1.63 mg/ml; SGPA: 2.36 mg/ml; NWDDMRIVAV: 2.61 mg/ml; NGPDPRPSQQ: 2.74 mg/ml) (18,19), Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (PSYV: 2.64 mg/ml) (52), and Raja porosa cartilages (IVAGPQ: 5.03 mg/ml) (13). The present finding indicated that the APs from TRPH, especially TRP3, TRP4, TRPH7, TRPH9, and TRP12, could effectively clear HO• to protect biological macromolecules in cells from the oxidative damage induced by HO•.…”

“…The EC 50 values of TRP3, TRP4, TRPH7, TRPH9, and TRP12 on O − 2 • were 0.348 ± 0.018, 0.281 ± 0.013, 0.305 ± 0.022, 0.198 ± 0.011, and 0.425 ± 0.021 mg/ml, respectively, which were prominently less than those of other seven isolated APs (p < 0.05) (Table 3). Additionally, the EC 50 values of TRP3, TRP4, TRPH7, TRPH9, and TRP12 were lower than those of APs from monkfish muscle (EDIVCW: 0.94 mg/ml; MEPVW: 0.94 mg/ml) (54), R. porosa cartilage (1.61, 1.66, and 1.82 mg/ml for FIMGPY, GPAGDY, and IVAGPQ, respectively) (13), croceine croaker muscle (MILMR: 0.993 mg/ml) (55), Antarctic krill (VEKGK: 1.67 mg/ml; SGPA: 1.86 mg/ml; NWDDMRIVAV: 3.76 mg/ml; NGPDPRPSQQ: 2.03 mg/ml) (18,19), and muscle (YFLWP: 3.08 mg/ml) and swim bladders (3.04 ± 0.27, 3.61 ± 0.25, 3.03 ± 0.19, 3.35 ± 0.20, and 4.11 ± 0.31 mg/ml for FTGMD, YLPYA, GFYAA, FSGLR, and VPDDD, respectively) of miiuy croaker (35,50). Therefore, TRP3, TRP4, TRPH7, TRPH9, and TRP12 could clear off the O − 2 • damage in cells and biological organs through inhibiting the O − 2 • transformed into the highly reactive HO•.…”

“…In addition, oxidative stress induced by toxic peroxy radicals can lead to cell malfunction, which has been strongly close conjunction with human aging and chronic maladies (16,17). Antioxidant peptides (APs) draw great interest because of their potential application in treating chronic ailments, for example, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, immunopathy, diabetes mellitus, and Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases (18)(19)(20). For example, Pro-Gly-Tyr (PGY) could scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) through upregulating the expression abilities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in 2,2'-azobis-(2amidinopropane dihydrochloride) (AAPH)-induced HepG2 cell (21).…”

“…AAVPSGASTGIYEALELR could activate the DAF-16 signaling pathway to lower the oxidative damage of organisms (25). Therefore, APs can activate the intracellular antioxidant system to increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which can effectively scavenge ROS and reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress (19,22).…”