Antioxidant potential of lichen species and their secondary metabolites. A systematic review

Fernández-Moriano, Carlos; Gómez-Serranillos, M. Pilar; Crespo, Ana

doi:10.3109/13880209.2014.1003354

Cited by 113 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Ample data exist to prove lichens as a reliable source of antioxidants. There are already several reviews on antioxidant activities of lichen extracts and their compounds [25, 26]. Reviewing the antioxidant activities of lichen compounds is beyond the scope of this study.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activities Of Lichen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate literature exists, for certain lichens to be a viable source of antioxidants [9, 10, 24, 25]. Their antioxidant potential has been assessed in a number of assays, including, DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation inhibition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their antioxidant potential has been assessed in a number of assays, including, DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation inhibition. Antioxidant properties of 75 lichen species and 65 isolated metabolites were reviewed and reported [25]. Further, over 66 lichen extracts have been reviewed and analyzed for their antioxidant potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of Lichen Compounds as Antidiabetic Agents with Antioxidative Properties: A Review

Thadhani

Karunaratne

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The advancement in the knowledge of potent antioxidants has uncovered the way for greater insight in the treatment of diabetic complications. Lichens are a rich resource of novel bioactive compounds and their antioxidant potential is well documented. Herein we review the antidiabetic potential of lichens which have received considerable attention, in the recent past. We have correlated the antidiabetic and the antioxidant potential of lichen compounds. The study shows a good accordance between antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of lichens and points out the need to look into gathering the scarce and scattered data on biological activities for effective utilization. The review establishes that the lichen extracts, especially of Parmotrema sp. and Ramalina sp. have shown promising potential in both antidiabetic and antioxidant assays. Ubiquitous compounds, namely, zeorin, methylorsellinate, methyl-β-orcinol carboxylate, methyl haematommate, lecanoric acid, salazinic acid, sekikaic acid, usnic acid, gyrophoric acid, and lobaric acid have shown promising potential in both antidiabetic as well as antioxidant assays highlighting their potential for effective treatment of diabetic mellitus and its associated complications. The available compilation of this data provides the future perspectives and highlight the need for further studies of this potent herbal source to harvest more beneficial therapeutic antidiabetic drugs.

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Section: Antioxidant Activities Of Lichen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of Lichen Compounds as Antidiabetic Agents with Antioxidative Properties: A Review

Thadhani

Karunaratne

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Lichens are symbiotic association between a mycobiont (fungus) and either algae or cyanobacterium [27][28][29]. Besides lichens species are able to produce important secondary metabolites [30].…”

Section: Lichens As Antioxidants and Tau Inhibitors Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Metabolites of Lichens as Both Anti-aggregative and Antioxidant Agents in Tauopathies

Cornejo¹,

Areche²

2017

J Clin Cell Immunol

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This commentary described our findings of parietin, an anthraquinone, isolated from Ramalina terebrata as inhibitor of tau protein. Moreover, we considered important to link tauopathies with reactive oxygen species since oligomers and fibril-forming elements are responsible for activating reactive oxygen species, which cause inflammatory response and neurodegeneration. Together, we considered important to find naturally occurring compounds that might be able to stop aggregation and reduce ROS cells damage.Keywords: Tauopathies; Secondary metabolites; Lichens; Reactive oxygen species; Inflammatory response; Neurodegeneration Tauopathies and NeurotoxicityTaoupathies are neurodegenerative disorders involving tau protein, such as progressive nuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), Pick´s disease among others. Tau is an unfolded protein which is found mainly in axons of mature and physiologically is involved in microtubule stability and axonal transport [1]. However, once tau becomes hyperphosphorylated it detaches from microtubule starting the aggregation process [2,3]. Pathological tau aggregates are able to activate glia cells that release cytotoxic factors, which cause pro inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 and chemokines [4]. Tau phosphorylation is increased in both physiologically and pathological state [5], however phosphorylation is increased during development, suggesting that process is needed for neuronal plasticity [6]. Tau phosphorylation is an event highly regulated by kinases and phosphatases. Its balance is deregulated due to several stimuli such as oxidative stress [7]. Tau is able to form paired helical filaments closely related to neurofibrillary tangles [8,9]. Hyperphosphorylated tau protein is found in patients suffering with tauopathies in cerebrospinal fluid (CNS), which correlates well with hypocampal atrophy [10]. In addition, tauopathies have tau hyperphosphorylated as a hallmark; however, the degree of phosphorylation differs among them. In addition, it is important to notice that there is no single phosphorylation site associated to a particular tauopathy [5]. Moreover, tau has the propensity to form aggregates, since inside the full length protein (441 aminoacids) resides a region known as 4R (four microtubule binding domain) containing two hexapeptides 275 VQIINK 280 and 306 VQIVYK 311 both associated to β sheet formation [11]. Increased tau phosphorylation decreased its binding for microtubules. These species prone to form aggregates which are toxic in both cell and transgenic mouse model [12,13]. Despite that fact, there are evidences showing that soluble species and pre fibrils which are more related to toxicity [14]. An interesting UV raman spectroscopy study showed that at early stages, within the first hour, fibrillar aggregates possess a mixture of β-sheet and disordered content. Afterward, the UVRR spectra shows a consolidation in fibril structure, augmenting the content of β sheet [15], interesting is to remark that toxicity apparently reli...

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“…Various scientific reports suggested that lichens present antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antiproliferative (antitumor) activities [11–13]. Regarding their antioxidant potential, it could be considered that lichens are poorly known when compared to higher plants or other fungus, despite recent investigations are dealing with the issue; only a few lichens species and compounds have exerted promising antioxidative potentials (as reviewed in Fernández-Moriano et al [14]) and further studies are encouraged to deeply understand the value of lichen compounds as protective antioxidant agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacities and Cytotoxic Effects of Ten Parmeliaceae Lichen Species

Fernández-Moriano

González-Burgos

Divakar³

et al. 2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Parmeliaceae represents the largest and widespread family of lichens and includes species that attract much interest regarding pharmacological activities, due to their production of unique secondary metabolites. The current work aimed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the methanol extracts of ten Parmeliaceae species, collected in different continents. Methanol extraction afforded high phenolic content in the extracts. The antioxidant activity displayed by lichens was evaluated through chemical assays, such as the ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). A moderately positive correlation was found between the phenolic content and the antioxidant properties for all the species: R: 0.7430 versus ORAC values, R: 0.7457 versus DPPH scavenging capacity, and R: 0.7056 versus FRAP reducing power. The methanol extract of Flavoparmelia euplecta exhibited the highest ORAC value, the extract of Myelochroa irrugans showed the maximum DPPH scavenging capacity, and Hypotrachyna cirrhata methanol extract demonstrated the highest reducing power. Further, the cytotoxic activity of the ten species was investigated on the human cancer cell lines HepG2 and MCF-7; Myelochroa irrugans exhibited the highest anticancer potential. The pharmacological activities shown here could be attributed to their phytochemical constituents.

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Antioxidant potential of lichen species and their secondary metabolites. A systematic review

Cited by 113 publications

References 84 publications

Potential of Lichen Compounds as Antidiabetic Agents with Antioxidative Properties: A Review

Potential of Lichen Compounds as Antidiabetic Agents with Antioxidative Properties: A Review

Secondary Metabolites of Lichens as Both Anti-aggregative and Antioxidant Agents in Tauopathies

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacities and Cytotoxic Effects of Ten Parmeliaceae Lichen Species

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