Antioxidant response and histopathological changes in brain tissue of pigeon exposed to avermectin

Abstract

Avermectins (AVMs) are the active components of some insecticidal and nematicidal products used in agriculture and veterinary medicine for the prevention of parasitic diseases. Residues of AVM drugs or their metabolites in livestock feces have toxic effects on non-target aquatic and terrestrial organisms. In this study, oxidative stress responses and pathological changes on pigeon brain tissues and serum after subchronic exposure to AVM for 30, 60 and 90 days were investigated. The decrease in antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px) activities and increase in methane dicarboxylic aldehyde content in a dose-time-dependent manner in the brain and serum of pigeon were observed. The protein carbonyl content, an indicator of protein oxidation, and DNA-protein crosslink coefficient were significantly augmented with dose-time-dependent properties. The microscopic structures of the cerebrum, cerebellum and optic lobe altered obviously, the severity of which increased with the concentration of AVM and exposure time. The results imply that AVM could induce oxidative damage to the brain tissue and serum of pigeon. The information presented in this study is helpful to understand the mechanism of AVM-induced oxidative stress in birds.

Neuro and renal toxicity induced by chlorpyrifos and abamectin in rats

“…In agreement with the present results, El-demerdash (2011) reported that a significant reduction in the activity of SOD and CAT antioxidant enzymes was observed due to the oxidative damage induced by a mixture of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides. Also, Li et al (2013) demonstrated that the activities of SOD and CAT in the cerebellum and optic lobe of treatment groups were reduced with the increase in concentration of avermectin. Moreover, El-Sheikh and Galal (2015) found that emamectin benzoate (EB), an avermectin insecticide, reduced SOD activity in male rats.…”

“…Also, El-Shenawy (2010) reported that insecticides, ABM, and OP may induce oxidative stress in isolated rat hepatocytes and disturb membrane structure. Moreover, Li et al (2013) suggested that avermectin (AVM) exposure caused a significant increase in LPO in brain tissue of pigeon. The increase in LPO following AVM exposure may be attributed to the induction of ROS which enhances the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids.…”

The toxicological effects of some avermectins on goat liver carbonic anhydrase enzyme

“…In some studies, it was reported that animals usually present poisoning reactions indicative of central nervous system depression, such as tremors, incoordination, pupil dilation, salivation, and coma in animals when exposed to excessive doses of avermectins . On the other hand, CA, which is strongly involved in the transport of metabolic CO 2 , has great importance in different living tissues.…”

Insight into biological system responses in goldfish (Carassius auratus) to multiple doses of avermectin exposure by integrated1H NMR-based metabolomics

“…In plasma, taurine was also decreased, and choline and phosphocholine were increased after AVM exposure. 51,52 The cellular swelling in liver, the degeneration and necrosis of neurons, and the edema of white matter observed in the histopathological inspection also reflected the oxidative injury of tissues. 45 With marked antioxidant activities and wide protective effects, taurine showed protection in various cases, such as chronic heart failure, 46 oxidative stress, 47 hepatic encephalopathy, 48 diabetic retinal disease 49 and ischemia-reperfusion injury.…”