Antioxidants as Renoprotective Agents for Ischemia during Partial Nephrectomy

Abstract

Small renal masses have been diagnosed increasingly in recent decades, allowing surgical treatment by partial nephrectomy. This treatment option is associated with better renal function preservation, in comparison with radical nephrectomy. However, for obtaining a bloodless field during surgery, occlusion of renal artery and veins is often required, which results in transitory ischemia. The renal ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with increased reactive oxygen species production leading to renal tissue damage. Thus, the use of antioxidants has been advocated in the partial nephrectomy perioperative period. Several antioxidants were investigated in regard to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present manuscript aims to present the literature on the most commonly studied antioxidants used during partial nephrectomy. The results of experimental and clinical studies using antioxidants during partial nephrectomy are reported. Further, alimentary sources of some antioxidants are presented, stimulating future studies focusing on perioperative antioxidant-rich diets.

Inhibition of miR-153 ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in rats

“…Although the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying I/R injury are not fully understood, the excessive oxidative stress is a key initiator of I/R injury. Reactive oxygen species overload can overwhelm the intracellular antioxidant system, leading to apoptosis and tissue damage [35,36]. Several publications revealed that miR-153 is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress response through modulation of Nrf2 in bovine granulosa cells [37], breast cancer cells [38], and neurons.…”

Synergistic renoprotective effects of sesame oil and erythropoietin on ischemic kidney injury after renal transplantation

“…ROS levels are increased in ischemic kidney injury and are a key driver of cellular injury (Ratliff et al 2016). Buys-Gonçalves et al (2019) reported the pathophysiological role of free radicals in ischemic kidney injury. By contrast, cellular antioxidants such as catalase, SOD, and GPx prevent the detrimental effects of free radicals generated by ROS.…”

N-acyl Dopamines - renoprotective therapeutics, acting on TRPV1 signaling: Biological properties and molecular mechanisms

“…Ischemia-mediated AKI results from a generalized or localized impairment of oxygen and nutrient delivery to, and waste product removal from, the cells of the kidney [52]. There is a mismatch of local tissue oxygen supply and demand and accumulation of waste products of metabolism.…”

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“…Compounds which can neutralize ROS and activate the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway have been already proven beneficial to treat IRI of kidneys e.g. Curcumin [50,51] and Resveratrol [52]. Curcumin is produced by turmeric, a member of the ginger family, and it induces the expression of cytoprotective proteins regulated by NRF2 such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, HO-1 [50].…”