Antioxidants in the retina and vitreous — current state of knowledge

Pietras-Baczewska, Agata; Nowomiejska, Katarzyna; Sztanke, Małgorzata; Toro, Mario Damiano; Ręjdak, Robert

doi:10.5603/oj.2020.0018

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…CAT: catalase; CoQ10: coenzyme Q10; GPXs: glutathione peroxidases; GR: Glutathione Reductase; GSH: Glutathione; SOD: superoxide dismutase. Reference for figure content: [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] created with BioRender.com.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases

Rodella

Honisch

Gatto³

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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This review aims to discuss the delicate balance between the physiological production of reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidant nutraceutical molecules in managing radicals in the complex anatomical structure of the eye. Many molecules and enzymes with reducing and antioxidant potential are present in different parts of the eye. Some of these, such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, and enzymatic antioxidants, are endogenously produced by the body. Others, such as plant-derived polyphenols and carotenoids, vitamins B2, C, and E, zinc and selenium, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, must be obtained through the diet and are considered essential nutrients. When the equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen species and their scavenging is disrupted, radical generation overwhelms the endogenous antioxidant arsenal, leading to oxidative stress-related eye disorders and aging. Therefore, the roles of antioxidants contained in dietary supplements in preventing oxidative stress-based ocular dysfunctions are also discussed. However, the results of studies investigating the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation have been mixed or inconclusive, indicating a need for future research to highlight the potential of antioxidant molecules and to develop new preventive nutritional strategies.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases

Rodella

Honisch

Gatto³

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…During surgery, light sources can also cause thermal damage to eye tissues, especially due to their proximity [ 91 ]. Moreover, in some interventions, the endogenous antioxidant system of the eye is partly removed as in PPV and IOL-based refractive surgery [ 92 , 93 ]. Accordingly, an increased incidence in cataracts or glaucoma was observed in patients following vitrectomy due to antioxidant depletion derived from vitreous removal [ 94 ].…”

Section: Antioxidants In Ocular Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology

Honisch

Rodella

Gatto³

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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The different anatomical compartments of the eye are highly subjected to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation due to internal factors, such as metabolic high oxygen consumption, as well as environmental factors, including UV light. An antioxidant defense system is endowed in the eye tissues to regulate ROS quantity and activity. When this homeostatic system is overwhelmed, oxidative stress occurs, causing cellular damage, chronic inflammation, and tissue degeneration. It also plays a significant role in the development and progression of various ocular diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in ocular conditions is thus crucial for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. To track marketed products based on antioxidant substances as active ingredients, the databases of the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were consulted. Only a limited number of items were identified, which were either used as therapeutic treatment or during ocular surgery, including antioxidants, synthetical derivatives, or pro-drugs designed to enhance tissue permeation and activity. This review aims to provide an overview of the primary ocular pathologies associated with oxidative stress and of the available pharmacological interventions centered around antioxidant molecules. Such insights are essential for advancing the development of effective prevention and novel treatment approaches.

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Antioxidants in the retina and vitreous — current state of knowledge

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases

Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant-Based Interventional Medicine in Ophthalmology

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