Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Extract from Milling By-products of Sorghum Cultivar, ‘Hwanggeumchal’

Abstract

Sorghum has been consumed as one of the important staple food in the semiarid tropics of Africa and Asia. Sorghum is rich in starch, protein, essential vitamins and minerals and grows relatively well in dry climate regions when it compared with other staple food crops. Sorghum has taken an increased interest due to several studies that report about the beneficial effects of sorghum on human health. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidative and activity of extract of milling by-products (hull and bran) of Korean sorghum cultivar, 'Hwanggeaumchal' as well as its grain. Hull extract showed the highest total polyphenol contents (29.7±0.2 mg GAE/100 g) and major four pigments content (322.6±14.5 mg/100 g). From results of 2,2'-azinobis-(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, hull extract (IC 50 , 6.3±0.1 μg/ mL) was also showed the strongest antioxidative effects. Bran and grain showed similar polyphenol, pigments contents and antioxidative effects. We determined cell viability by MTT assay and evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity by measuring nitric oxide (NO) of hull, bran and grain methanol extract (0.5% HCl v/v) on RAW 264.7 cells. Hull extract treatment was significantly decreased NO production with dose-dependant manner. Apigeninidin as one of the major pigment of hull was showed inhibitory activity against NO production without cytotoxicitiy. Therefore, sorghum milling by-products can be used as a good source of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agents.

Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Methanolic Seed Extracts of International Sorghum bicolor L. Resources

“…When treated with various concentrations of sorghum extract (50, 100, 200, 400, 500 µg/mL), no cytotoxicity was observed in either the hull or grain even at the highest concentration of 500 µg/mL. However, the bran extract maintained a survival rate above 90% at concentrations up to 200 µg/mL [21]. Another study that applied sorghum seed extract at 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL to RAW 264.7 cells found that treatment with 100 µg/mL of extract resulted in cell viability exceeding 89.28 ± 15.30%, indicating robust cell vitality across all tested seed extracts [22].…”