Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of Wild Boletales Mushrooms from France

Abstract

We selected edible and inedible mushrooms growing in the Mediterranean area of France to screen their biological activity: Caloboletus calopus, Rubroboletus lupinus, R. pulchrotinctus, R. satanas, Gyroporus castaneus, Suillus luteus, and Omphalotus olearius. Mushrooms were sequentially extracted using cyclohexane, chloroform, ethanol, and water. The antiproliferative activity against the HCT116 colon adenocarcinoma cell line and the antioxidant properties (DPPH radical scavenging assay, Folin-Ciocalteu assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) of the Boletales extracts were evaluated and compared. Among the 28 mushroom extracts evaluated, 11 presented antiproliferative activity against HCT116 cells. These activities were not linked to antioxidant capacity. Among the antioxidant extracts, most were aqueous extracts in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, whereas the highest values on the Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH assays were noted for chloroform, ethanol, or aqueous extracts, depending on the mushroom species. Further studies are necessary to identify bioactive compounds and to valorize the mushrooms-for edible species, directly as health foods, or, for inedible mushrooms, as ingredients in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Shiitake Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom, Lentinus edodes (Agaricomycetes), Sporophores from Various Culture Conditions

“…A sequential process based on solvents of increasing polarity is used as previously described. 22 50 g of each lyophilized mushroom sample are crushed with a Thermomix Vorwerk crusher.…”

“…Retentate is then submitted successively to extractions with chloroform (50 mL, extract 2), ethanol (50 mL; extract 3) and water (50 mL; extract 4) under the same conditions. 22 The sequential extraction is carried out in triplicate. After extractions, solvents were evaporated to dryness.…”

“…The DPPH and ORAC tests results on our extracts (Table 1) were compared with two positive controls in terms of antioxidant activity: an ethanolic extract of R. officinalis that has been considered as a food antioxidant additive (E392) and chlorogenic acid (CA), a caffeic acid derivative. 22 Rosemary extract was used as a reference of natural crude extract and CA as a natural purified standard.…”

“…More recently, Ferrari et al,29 using a non-sequential extraction, recorded extraction yields of 11, 13.6, 14, 27.2, 32.7 and 33.8% with ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethanol-water, methanol-water and acetone-water, respectively. The differences between our data and the literature may be explained by differences in extraction methods, mushroom strain and growth conditions when compared with literature.In our study, we used two complementary methods, i.e., DPPH as the mixed mode assay (hydrogen atom transfer and electron transfer reaction-based assay) and ORAC as a hydrogen atom transfer reaction-based assay to evaluate antioxidant properties of shiitake 22. DPPH assay results indicate that all shiitake extracts demonstrate a moderate but quantifiable antioxidant activity.…”

Antibacterial Activity of Wild Mushrooms from France

“…Sequential extraction was performed as previously described 25 using solvents with increasing polarity (cyclohexane, chloroform, ethanol and water) to extract both non-polar and polar compounds (10 mL solvent/g freeze-dried mushroom). The extraction was conducted under sonication (90 minutes) and temperature was maintained below 35°C.…”