Antiprotozoal activity of Melampyrum arvense and its metabolites

Abstract

An activity guided isolation of the H2O subextract of the crude extract of Melampyrum arvense L. afforded iridoid glucosides: aucubin (1), melampyroside (2), mussaenoside (3), mussaenosidic acid (4), 8‐epi‐loganin (5); flavonoids: apigenin (6), luteolin (7), luteolin 7‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (8); a lignan glycoside dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (9); and benzoic acid (10). β‐Sitosterol (11) and a fatty acid mixture (12) were identified as the active principles of the CHCl3 subextract. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, while the composition of 12 was identified by GC‐MS after methylation. Luteolin (7) appeared as the most active compound against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani (IC50 values 3.8 and 3.0 μg/mL). Luteolin 7‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (8) displayed the best antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 value 2.9 μg/mL). This is the first detailed phytochemical study on Turkish M. arvense and the first report of the antiprotozoal effect of Melampyrum species and its constituents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Antiparasitic compounds from Cornus florida L. with activities against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania tarentolae

“…Our results, which show b-sitosterol (3) inactive against both P. falciparum and L. tarentolae, are in accord with previous reports (Kirmizibekmez et al, 2011).…”

Efficacy of Daphne oleoides subsp. kurdica used for wound healing: Identification of active compounds through bioassay guided isolation technique

“…oleoides as the anti-inflammatory principle through bioassay-guided technique and this compound was reported to exert inhibitory effect on the biosynthesis of IL-1␣, IL-1␤ and TNF-␣ (Yesilada et al, 2001). On the other hand, luteolin and its glucosides were reported to possess antioxidant (Lemanska et al, 2004;Odontuya et al, 2005), antibacterial (Sato et al, 2000;Chung et al, 2001), antiviral (Yi et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2005), antifungal (Kırmızıbekmez et al, 2011), antiplasmodial (Harborne and Williams, 2000) and anticancerogenic (Peters et al, 1986;Plaumann et al, 1996) activities. The anti-inflammatory activity of luteolin glycosides were mainly exerted their activity through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (Sadik et al, 2003;Harris et al, 2006).…”

Prospecting for Bioactive Constituents from Traditional Medicinal Plants through Ethnobotanical Approaches

“…48) This result could provide a pharmacological basis to inhibit PRRSV replication. 27) In addition, many other plant-derived substances from TMPs such as Murraya koenigii, Erythrina caffra, Corydalis saxicola, Larrea tridentate, Holarrhena antidysenterica, and Melampyrum arvense exerted antiviral, 49,50) antibacterial, 51,52) and antiprotozoal 53,54) activities.…”