Antiquity and geographic distribution of cranial modification among the prehistoric groups of <scp>F</scp>uego‐<scp>P</scp>atagonia, <scp>C</scp>hile

Alfonso-Durrruty, Marta P.; Giles, Bretton T.; Misarti, Nicole; Román, Manuel San; Morello, Flavia

doi:10.1002/ajpa.22832

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Earlier isotopic studies have explored diet among ancient groups in the Beagle Channel [14–17] and in the Western Archipelago [18, 19], confirming the evidence deriving from paleobotanical and faunal records. However very little is known about historical populations and variation throughout the contact period.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Dietary resilience among hunter-gatherers of Tierra del Fuego: Isotopic evidence in a diachronic perspective

et al. 2017

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The native groups of Patagonia have relied on a hunter-gatherer economy well after the first Europeans and North Americans reached this part of the world. The large exploitation of marine mammals (i.e., seals) by such allochthonous groups has had a strong impact on the local ecology in a way that might have forced the natives to adjust their subsistence strategies. Similarly, the introduction of new foods might have changed local diet. These are the premises of our isotopic-based analysis. There is a large set of paleonutritional investigations through isotopic analysis on Fuegians groups, however a systematic exploration of food practices across time in relation to possible pre- and post-contact changes is still lacking. In this paper we investigate dietary variation in hunter-gatherer groups of Tierra del Fuego in a diachronic perspective, through measuring the isotopic ratio of carbon (∂13C) and nitrogen (∂15N) in the bone collagen of human and a selection of terrestrial and marine animal samples. The data obtained reveal an unexpected isotopic uniformity across prehistoric and recent groups, with little variation in both carbon and nitrogen mean values, which we interpret as the possible evidence of resilience among these groups and persistence of subsistence strategies, allowing inferences on the dramatic contraction (and extinction) of Fuegian populations.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Dietary resilience among hunter-gatherers of Tierra del Fuego: Isotopic evidence in a diachronic perspective

et al. 2017

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“…Their inclusion in this study was based on their degree of conservation and the well documented nature of the archaeological sites where they were found. Prehistoric individuals were classified as marine, terrestrial, or mixed-economy hunter-gatherers, based on their archaeological and geographic context, as well as dietary (isotope) information when available (Alfonso-Durruty et al 2015). Data from the remaining 21 individuals was obtained from the Goldman Osteometric Data Set (Auerbach 2014;Auerbach and Ruff 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of an east-west phenotypic variation in body height, body form and body mass among prehistoric hunter-gatherers of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, chile

et al. 2017

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Fuego-Patagonia's marine and terrestrial groups were historically described as phenotypically distinct but, studies of these phenotypic differences have yet to be conducted. This study evaluates phenotypic variation in Fuego-Patagonia. Phenotypic disparities result from extrinsic and intrinsic factors and therefore can reveal differences in both long and short term adaptations as well as genetic differences. Fifty-one adults were assessed. A total of six post-cranial measurements were included: maximum length of the humerus (MHL); maximum length of the radius (MRL); Bicondylar length of the femur (BFL); Maximum length of the tibia (MTL); bi-iliac breadth (BIB), and; antero-posterior diameter of the femoral head (FHD). Brachial index, crural index, body mass, body mass index and stature were then calculated. In general, terrestrial individuals had longer lower limb bones and were the tallest and heaviest. Marine individuals had the shortest bones and were shorter and lighter. Mixed-economy individuals showed mostly intermediate values. The trends are more marked in males than in females. The results suggests the presence of an east-to-west phenotypic gradient in the region that may have resulted from intrinsic and/or extrinsic differences between the groups. But, the sample size of this study is small, and thus the results should be cautiously considered.Key words: Phenotypic variation, Fuego-Patagonia, human colonization. Históricamente grupos marinos y terrestres de Fuego-Patagonia fueron descritos como fenotípicamente distintos. Este estudio examina la presencia de esta variación fenotípica, la cual de existir, podría ser resultado de factores extrínsecos, como son los procesos adaptativos de corto o largo plazo e intrínsecos como son los factores genéticos. La muestra se compone de 51 individuos adultos. Se incluyeron seis mediciones post-craneales: longitud máxima del húmero (MHL); longitud máxima del radio (MRL); longitud bicondilar del fémur (BFL); longitud máxima de la tibia (MTL); ancho bi-ilíaco (BIB), y; diámetro antero-posterior de la cabeza femoral (FHD

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“…The inclination of the frontal referred to above was an additional difficulty since it is easily confused with that of masculinity and authentic primitivism, thereby disconcerting some authors, such as M. Gusinde. The age and geographical distribution of intentional cranial deformation among the prehistoric groups of Fuego‐Patagonian (Chile) was recently highlighted (Alfonso‐Durruty, Giles, Misarti, San Roman, & Morello, ). It is wrong to include crania in biological studies that are deformed for cultural reasons or as a result of some kind of physical activity, since their influence may end up being interpreted as a biological one.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fueguian crania and the circum‐Pacific rim variation

Turbón

Arenas

Cuadras

2017

American J Phys Anthropol

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We concluded that the robusticity of some Fuegians (Selknam) might be the result of an allometric pattern of overall robusticity expression well as a result of epigenetics or differential reproduction (Larsen, 2015:264) or hypothetical endocrine changes (Bernal et al. in Am J Hum Biol 2006;18:748-765). When compared with three Australian-Melanesian series, the group comprising Amerindians, Ainu, and Eskimos clusters together as they are all extremely different from the former in terms of both cranial size and shape.

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Antiquity and geographic distribution of cranial modification among the prehistoric groups of Fuego‐Patagonia, Chile

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Dietary resilience among hunter-gatherers of Tierra del Fuego: Isotopic evidence in a diachronic perspective

Dietary resilience among hunter-gatherers of Tierra del Fuego: Isotopic evidence in a diachronic perspective

Assessment of an east-west phenotypic variation in body height, body form and body mass among prehistoric hunter-gatherers of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, chile

Fueguian crania and the circum‐Pacific rim variation

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