This work sought to study the elimination of NVP from simulated wastewater using the UV/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 system. The main objectives were to evaluate the in uence of operating parameters, reaction kinetics, contributing reactive species, degradation pathway, and catalyst reusability. The research surface methodology (RSM) was utilized for optimizing process variables and for statistical analysis. Five process variables (pH, NVP concentration, TiO 2 dosage, H 2 O 2 concentration, and irradiation time) were optimized with the responses set as NVP and Total organic carbon (TOC) removals (%), respectively. 89.23% (NVP) and 85.71% (TOC) removals were achieved under optimum conditions. All the experimental factors were signi cant for NVP removal. pH was the most dominant factor, with the highest removals obtained under acidic conditions (pH 3). NVP removal conformed to the pseudo-rst-order model with a rate constant (k 1 ) of 0.03676 min -1 . Increasing pH reduced the rate constant by 75.38%, while there was an increase of 43.55% with H 2 O 2 .
NVP degradation was largely driven by the • OH and h +VB . The photocatalyst demonstrated good stability against NVP loss over four cycles. Although the UV/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 process has shown promising results in the removal of pharmaceuticals and dyes in wastewater, its application for the degradation of ARVs remains limited. As far as the authors know, the UV/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 process and RSM have not yet been reported for the degradation and optimization of NVP in wastewater, respectively. The ndings of this work illustrate that the UV/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 system, applied with RSM can effectively degrade and mineralize NVP in wastewater.
Article Highlights89.23%, Nevirapine and 85.71%, TOC removals were achieved using the UV/TiO 2 /H 2 O 2 process combined with RSM.The degradation process was favorable under acidic pH Nevirapine removal resembled pseudo-rst-order kinetics