Antisolvent Crystallization of Biapenem: Estimation of Growth and Nucleation Kinetics

Abstract

A process mathematic model of seed batch desupersaturation experiments and induction time experiments for the investigation of growth and nucleation kinetics of biapenem through an antisolvent procedure in water/ethanol (antisolvent) system was developed in this work. The kinetic parameters for growth and nucleation were estimated by using in situ technology: attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for solute concentration, focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) for CLD moments, and particle vision and measurement (PVM) for particle image measurement. The challenging aspect for the development of this model was the recovery of crystal size distributions (CSDs) from the chord length distribution (CLD) moments; batch experiments were designed for the estimation of this relationship. The mathematic model in this work was confirmed by a comparison between model predictions and experimental data.

Preparation of Nano‐RDX by Evaporation Assisted SolventAntisolvent Interaction

“…As a consequence, methods which rely on solubility changes to induce nanoparticle formation are lately becoming attractive. Among these, reprecipitation is a simple and convenient technique, which proved to be particularly effective for the preparation of organic nanoparticle dispersion [24][25][26]. In this method, an organic solution containing an active substance is injected to the antisolvent (e.g.…”

“…water) that is solvent-miscible under rapid mixing, which generates high supersaturation leading to fast nucleation rates. The instantaneous precipitation occurs by a rapid desolvation of the hydrophobic active ingredient in the antisolvent medium [26]. The precipitation rate can be enhanced by elevated temperatures during mixing and often such methods are called evaporation precipitation into aqueous solution (EPAS) [27,28].…”

Study of stability and drug-excipient compatibility of estradiol and pharmaceutical excipients

“…The melting endotherm of the drug was found to be 177.65°C with a small change in the DH f value (58.85 J g -1 K -1 ) in the DSC trace of the estradiol-corn starch mixture, which ruled out any incidence of incompatibility. The DSC scan of lactose was found at 148.43°C (corresponding to the dehydration of bound water), and small peaks at 174.20°C (crystalline transition) [20] and 218.19°C (melting point), and a broad peak at 240.30°C were also found [21]. The DSC curve of estradiol in the presence of lactose is shown in Fig.…”

Effective Separation of N‐benzyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐nitroaniline (BNA) Polymorphs through Antisolvent Crystallization Method

“…Especially the solvents, additives, temperature, stirring rates, cooling rates, supersaturtion etc., are some of the primary factors which often infulence the polymorphic nucleation and their transformation in solution . Many researchers identified newer polymorphic forms of various organic and inorganic polymorphic materials thorugh different crystallization methods . The antisolvent crystallization is one of the important methods used to crystallize the compounds at different polymorphic forms.…”