Antispermatogenic effect of embelin, a plant benzoquinone, on male albino rats in vivo and in vitro

Gupta, Sonia; Sanyal, Sankar Nath; Kanwar, U.

doi:10.1016/0010-7824(89)90063-2

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Abnormal patterns of the outer dense fibres and components of axoneme were displaced on one or both sides, complete absence of plasma membrane of the entire middle and principal pieces and disorganization of the mitochondrial sheath in several spermatozoa of rats were observed. Similar observations were made in the studies of cyproterone acetate (Bhiwgade et al, 1990), embelin from the seeds of Emblia ribes (Gupta et al, 1989), vincristine, isolated from Vinca rosea (Akbarsha and Avaral, 1996), triptolide, a diterpene triepoxide isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii (Hikim et al, 2000) and the…”

Section: Testissupporting

confidence: 60%

Ultrastructural changes in Leydig cells and cauda epididymal spermatozoa induced byAzadirachta indica leaves in albino rats

Aladakatti¹,

Ahamed²

2005

Phytother. Res.

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The effects of Azadirachta indica leaves (500 mg/kg body weight, orally/day), testosterone (0.25 mg/kg body weight/day, intramuscularly) and a combination of these two were investigated as to whether Azadirachta indica leaves affect the morphology of Leydig cells and epididymal sperm and their organelles at the ultrastructural level. Azadirachta indica treated rats showed atrophic seminiferous tubules with widening intercellular spaces. Leydig cells exhibited characteristics of degeneration such as indented nuclei; the commencement of degeneration was evident from less chromatin; the reduced amount of a marked decrease in organelle content and scarcity of other cell types of the interstitium in highly vacuolated cytoplasm, which were seem from both light and electron microscopic observations. The number of Leydig cells and their nuclear diameter were reduced significantly. Pathological changes in the spermatozoa of the cauda epididymis were observed and the spermatozoa retained cytoplasmic droplets. It is suggested that regression of Leydig cells and the absence of interstitium cell types indicates an androgen deficiency, which affects the spermatozoa in the epididymis by disturbing the internal epididymal milieu. The antiandrogenic and antispermatogenic properties of Azadirachta indica leaves appear to lead to a reduced fertilizing ability of the sperm.

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Section: Testissupporting

confidence: 60%

Ultrastructural changes in Leydig cells and cauda epididymal spermatozoa induced byAzadirachta indica leaves in albino rats

Aladakatti¹,

Ahamed²

2005

Phytother. Res.

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“…Embelin is a molecule derived from the Japanese Ardisia herb, which was shown to have anti-tumor activities (55,56) and was also used as a contraceptive (57). Recently, it has been shown (54) that embelin binds to the BIR3 domain in XIAP (the binding site for caspase-9), preventing XIAP interaction with caspase-9 and thus allowing for caspase-9 activation.…”

Section: Apoptotic Signaling Pathways In Cerulein Pancreatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Death in Pancreatitis

Mareninova

Sung

Hong

et al. 2006

Journal of Biological Chemistry

249

135

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Mechanisms of cell death in pancreatitis remain unknown. Parenchymal necrosis is a major complication of pancreatitis; also, the severity of experimental pancreatitis correlates directly with necrosis and inversely with apoptosis. Thus, shifting death responses from necrosis to apoptosis may have a therapeutic value. To determine cell death pathways in pancreatitis and the possibility of necrosis/apoptosis switch, we utilized the differences between the rat model of cerulein pancreatitis, with relatively high apoptosis and low necrosis, and the mouse model, with little apoptosis and high necrosis. We found that caspases were greatly activated during cerulein pancreatitis in the rat but not mouse. Endogenous caspase inhibitor X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) underwent complete degradation in the rat but remained intact in the mouse model. Furthermore, XIAP inhibition with embelin triggered caspase activation in the mouse model, implicating XIAP in caspase blockade in pancreatitis. Caspase inhibitors decreased apoptosis and markedly stimulated necrosis in the rat model, worsening pancreatitis parameters. Conversely, caspase induction with embelin stimulated apoptosis and decreased necrosis in mouse model. Thus, caspases not only mediate apoptosis but also protect from necrosis in pancreatitis. One protective mechanism is through degradation of receptor-interacting protein (RIP), a key mediator of "programmed" necrosis. We found that RIP was cleaved (i.e. inactivated) in the rat but not the mouse model. Caspase inhibition restored RIP levels; conversely, caspase induction with embelin triggered RIP cleavage. Our results indicate key roles for caspases, XIAP, and RIP in the regulation of cell death in pancreatitis. Manipulating these signals to change the pattern of death responses presents a therapeutic strategy for treatment of pancreatitis.

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“…Embelin (3-undecyl 2, 5-dihydroxy ,1,4 -benzoquinone) was an important naturally occurring alkyl substituted hydroxyl benzoquinone product and one of the main constituent of embelia ribes burm ,fruits of the plants contain a quinine derivative embelinan alkaloid chiristembine 4 and volatile oil vilangin ,its chemical constituent is 2,5-dihydroxy -4-undecyl-3,6 -benzoquinone 5 . The variety of biological activities of this compounds have been studied and evaluated for anti spermatogenic effect 6 and urinary tract infection 7 .Literature review shows that the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of embeliaribes as a medicinal plant had studied. Embelin has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties and due to its cooling effects it is widely used in skin related ailments .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterisations, Lipid Lowering Activity and Antibacterial Activities of Some Benzoyl Ester Substituted Embelin Derivatives

Patange¹

2017

Orient. J. Chem

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The research article represents the extraction of Embelin from its plant source and synthesis, characterisation, lipid lowering activities and antibacterial studies of some Benzoyl ester substituted derivatives of Embelin. The derivatives of Embelin, EL -1 to EL -5 were prepared by treating Embelin with Meta and Para substituted benzoyl chloride in presence of base pyridine and dichloromethane. Benzoyl ester substituted derivatives of Embelin molecule also shows more or less medicinal properties then the parent Embelin molecule. The synthesized compound were characterised and identified on the basis of elemental analysis, UV, FTIR, Mass and NMR spectroscopy and their antibacterial activities were studied against test organism viz B. subtilis gram positive, S.aureus Gram positive, C.Albicans Antifungal and E.coli Gram negative. The lipid lowering activities of prepared compound were also studied in percentage on pancreatic lipase inhibition simply on the basis of change in international unit (IU).

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Antispermatogenic effect of embelin, a plant benzoquinone, on male albino rats in vivo and in vitro

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Ultrastructural changes in Leydig cells and cauda epididymal spermatozoa induced byAzadirachta indica leaves in albino rats

Ultrastructural changes in Leydig cells and cauda epididymal spermatozoa induced byAzadirachta indica leaves in albino rats

Cell Death in Pancreatitis

Synthesis, Characterisations, Lipid Lowering Activity and Antibacterial Activities of Some Benzoyl Ester Substituted Embelin Derivatives

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