Antithyroid drugs

Jastrzębska, Helena

doi:10.1186/1756-6614-8-s1-a12

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Hyperthyroidism is defined as the clinical syndrome of hyper-metabolism resulting from increased free T4 and/or free T3 serum levels (4) . Antithyroid drugs include wide range of therapeutics for example thiourea derivatives such aspropylthiouracil (PTU) and thionamide derivatives that contain a sulfhydryl group such as methimazole (MMI) and the most recently used carbimazole (5) . Carbimazole is one of several thionamide drugs utilized for the treatment of different diseases causing hyperthyroidism in adults and children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Effect of Carbimazole on Parotid Acini of Albino Rats

2020

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Purpose: This study aimed to study the effect of carbimazole on parotid acini. Materials and Methods: 20 adult albino rats were selected and divided into two groups: control group (GI) consisted of 10 rats received distilled water by intragastric intubation for 6 weeks and carbimazole group (GII) in which 10 rats received carbimazole dissolved in distilled water with a dose (1.35mg/kg bodyweight/once/ day) by intra-gastric intubation for 6 weeks. Results: GI illustrated normal histological features of acini. Serous acini were apparently normal in size with pyramidal shaped cells with pyramidal shaped cells of apparently normal height surrounding narrow lumen with basally located nucleus and basophilic cytoplasm. Carbimazole group showed marked destruction in acini. Most of the acini were shrunken with consequent separation between the acini in some areas. Some acini showed apparent loss of cell height and apparent widening of their lumina. Statistical Results: GI showed higher mean area % of acini, compared to GII. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: carbimazole has destructive effect on parotid acini.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Effect of Carbimazole on Parotid Acini of Albino Rats

2020

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“…They can be used as a long-term essential treatment for Graves' disease, with a duration of therapy that is considered to be 12 to 18 months, and can be given for longer durations up to 24 months in lower doses. A short-term ATD gave to prepare the patients with Graves' disease or toxic nodular goiter for thyroid surgery or radioactive ablation (Jastrzębska, 2015, Abraham et al, 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Carbimazole on Serum Leptin Hormone and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Hyperthyroidism

2019

ZJPAS

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Carbimazole is one of the common antithyroid drugs for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. It interferes with the synthesis of thyroid hormones and results in the reducing of thyroid hormones level. Apart from determining the effects of carbimazole on serum TSH, T3, T4, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS and leptin, the drug effects on corrected QT (QTc) interval duration in hyperthyroidism patients were examined concomitantly Female patients were recruited after obtaining informed consent. Venous blood samples were collected from control healthy subjects and hyperthyroid patients. Treatment with carbimazole results in the improvement of thyroid status and achievement of euthyroidism with a significant decrease in insulin level, and improvement in insulin resistance. The therapy also led to a significant increase in leptin levels. Nonetheless, the non-significant effect on QTc interval duration was observed. In conclusion, this treatment could be beneficial for hyperthyroidism who are at risks of insulin resistance syndrome.

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“…Major side effects of ATDs can occur in up to 1% of patients, including neutropenia, vasculitis, aplastic anemia, and hepatitis. Rare side effects such as pancreatitis and hypoglycemia due to the development of anti-insulin antibodies have also been reported [ 3 ]. These major side effects necessitate immediate discontinuation and possible hospitalization for management.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Antithyroid Drug–Related Liver Injury

Khan,

Ata,

Aziz

et al. 2023

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Introduction Antithyroid drugs (ATD) are the cornerstone of hyperthyroidism management. Hepatotoxicity due to ATDs can range from mild transaminase elevation to liver transplantation requirement and mortality. Methods We conducted a systematic review of PUBMED, SCOPUS and EMBASE on characteristics and outcomes of adults (>18 years) with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to ATDs. We defined DILI as bilirubin ≥2.5 mg/dL or INR >1.5 with any rise in ALT, AST, or ALP, or an elevation of ALT or AST >5 times or ALP >2 times the upper limit of normal without jaundice/coagulopathy. Results The review included 100 articles describing 271 patients. 148 (70.8%) were female. Mean age was 42.9 ± 17.2 years. Graves’ disease was the most common indication for ATDs. Carbimazole/methimazole (CBM/MMI) was the most common offending agent (55.7%). DILI pattern was hepatocellular in 41.8%, cholestatic in 41.3% and mixed in 16.9%. Outcomes included death in 11.8%, liver transplantation in 6.4%, partial improvement in 2.2% and complete resolution in 79.6% with a median time (IQR) to resolution of 45 (20-90) days. Patients in the PTU group had higher initial bilirubin, initial AST, initial ALT, peak ALT, peak AST, severe and fatal DILI, liver transplantation, and mortality compared to CBZ/MMI. Rechallenge of antithyroid medication was infrequently reported (N = 16) but was successful in 75%. Conclusion DILI due to ATDs can present with different patterns and should prompt immediate drug discontinuation. Referral to a hepatologist should be considered if severe, as transplantation is sometimes required. PTU-induced DILI may have worse outcomes than CBM/MMI.

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Antithyroid drugs

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Potential Effect of Carbimazole on Parotid Acini of Albino Rats

Potential Effect of Carbimazole on Parotid Acini of Albino Rats

The Influence of Carbimazole on Serum Leptin Hormone and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Hyperthyroidism

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Antithyroid Drug–Related Liver Injury

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