Antitumor-Promoting Activity of Garlic Extracts

Nishino, Hoyoku; Iwashima, Akio; Itakura, Y.; Matsuura, Hiromichi; Fuwa, Tohru

doi:10.1159/000226731

Cited by 68 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The antiproliferative effects of the extracts are associated with the induction of apoptosis (20,57). Morphological changes and DNA fragmentation have been observed in cells treated with DADs and DATs (58,59). Furthermore, a previous study reported that DAS induced the apoptosis of solid tumour cells, according to the results of sub-G 1 fraction and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (60).…”

Section: Tcm and The Apoptosis Of Cancer Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis

Jia

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

126

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Abstract. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been a major part of healthcare in China, and has extensively affected medicine and healthcare in surrounding countries over a long period of time. In the fight against cancer, certain anticancer remedies using herbs or herbal formulas derived from TCM have been developed for the management of malignancies. Furthermore, there are clinical trials registered for the use of herbal remedies in cancer management. Herbal medicine has been used as part of combined therapies to reduce the side-effects of chemotherapy, including bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting. Herbal remedies have also been used as chemopreventive therapies to treat precancerous conditions in order to reduce the incidence of cancer in high-risk populations. Emerging evidence has revealed that herbal remedies can regulate the proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion and migration of cancer cells. In addition to this direct effect upon cancer cells, a number of herbal remedies have been identified to suppress angiogenesis and therefore reduce tumour growth. The inhibition of tumour growth may also be due to modifications of the host immune system by the herbal treatment. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of herbal remedies remain poorly understood and are yet to be fully elucidated. The present study aims to summarize the current literature and clinical trial results of herbal remedies for cancer treatment, with a particular focus on the recent findings and development of the Yangzheng Xiaoji capsule.

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Section: Tcm and The Apoptosis Of Cancer Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis

Jia

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

126

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“…1), was the first compound isolated from garlic as a phytoalexin, a product induced in plants by continuous stress. 11) This compound has been shown to have unique biological properties, such as anti-oxidative effects, 11) anti-microbial effects, 11) anti-tumor promoting effects, 12) inhibition of aflatoxin B 2 DNA binding, 13) and neurotrophic effects. 14) Allixin showed an anti-tumor promoting effect in vivo, inhibiting skin tumor formation by TPA in DMBA initiated mice.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Study of Allixin, a Phytoalexin Produced by Garlic.

et al. 2002

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Intact constituents or transformation compounds derived from garlic (Allium sativum L.) have been investigated for more than 60 years, and numerous compounds have been isolated and investigated to reveal the relationship between the compounds and biological activities of garlic.1,2) Sulfur-containing compounds, such as allicin, diallylsulfides, dithiins, alliin and S-allylcysteine, have been well investigated by numerous researchers because garlic is rich in sulfur and its sulfur containing compounds were believed to be responsible for many biological activities of garlic.1,2) S-Allylcysteine has been investigated comprehensively, including its physical, chemical and biological properties. [1][2][3][4][5][6] On the other hand, other compounds such as saponins, proteins or maillard reaction products derived from garlic, which are non-sulfur containing compounds, have also been investigated to reveal the biological properties of garlic. 1,2,[7][8][9][10] Allixin (3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyl-2-penthyl-4H-pyran-4-one), a non-sulfur containing compound having a gpyrone skeleton structure (Fig. 1), was the first compound isolated from garlic as a phytoalexin, a product induced in plants by continuous stress.11) This compound has been shown to have unique biological properties, such as anti-oxidative effects, 11) anti-microbial effects, 11) anti-tumor promoting effects, 12) inhibition of aflatoxin B 2 DNA binding, 13) and neurotrophic effects.14) Allixin showed an anti-tumor promoting effect in vivo, inhibiting skin tumor formation by TPA in DMBA initiated mice.12) Analogs of this compound have exhibited anti tumor promoting effects in in vitro experimental conditions. 15) Herein, allixin and/or its analogs may be expected useful compounds for cancer prevention or chemotherapy agents for other diseases.Analysis of the biological mechanism of action of allixin is important for the study of cancer prevention or other biological properties, and also for drug development. Nishino et al. has reported that allixin interacts with the Ca 2ϩ -calmodulin complex.12) This in vitro study suggests that allixin may play an important role in signal transduction or regulation. However, the pharmacokinetic behavior of this compound has not been evaluated, and this is an important factor for in vivo studies. Therefore, this paper presents the pharmacokinetic behavior and identified metabolites of allixin. Result Preparation of Allixin and Allixin-d 11Allixin and allixin-d 11 were prepared as previously reported.16) The chemical structure of the obtained materials were confirmed by NMR and MS comparison with previous reporteds.11,16) Synthesized allixin-d 11 was used as the internal standard for the analysis of allixin content in blood samples. The yield of allixin and allixin-d 11 was 20% and 9%, respectively. Here, all The pharmacokinetic behavior of allixin (3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methyl-2-penthyl-4H-pyran-4-one) was investigated in an experimental animal, mice. Allixin was administered using an inclusion compound because the solubili...

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“…It was known to Ancient Egyptians, and has been used throughout its history for both culinary and medicinal purposes. Garlic extract inhibited tumor promotion by DMBA/TPA in mouse skin (Nishino, et al, 1989).…”

Section: Allium Plantsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Medicinal and Edible Plants as Cancer Preventive Agents

Yasukawa¹

2012

Drug Discovery Research in Pharmacognosy

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Antitumor-Promoting Activity of Garlic Extracts

Cited by 68 publications

References 6 publications

Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis

Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis

Pharmacokinetic Study of Allixin, a Phytoalexin Produced by Garlic.

Medicinal and Edible Plants as Cancer Preventive Agents

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