Antivenomic Characterization of Two Antivenoms Against the Venom of the Taipan, Oxyuranus scutellatus, from Papua New Guinea and Australia

Herrera, María; Paiva, Owen; Pagotto, Ana Helena; Segura, Álvaro; Serrano, Solange M.T.; Vargas, Mariángela; Villalta, Mauren; Jensen, S.; León, Guillermo; Williams, David J.; Gutiérrez, José Marı́a

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0333

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…, where Bfx and n À Bfx correspond to the areas of the HPLC fractions in the bound and non-bound affinity fractions, respectively (Herrera et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Determination Of the Immunoreactivity Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Lachesis stenophrys venom reduces the equine antibody response towards Bothrops asper venom used as co-immunogen in the production of polyspecific snake antivenom

Arroyo

Solano

Herrera

et al. 2015

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“…, where Bfx and n À Bfx correspond to the areas of the HPLC fractions in the bound and non-bound affinity fractions, respectively (Herrera et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Determination Of the Immunoreactivity Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Lachesis stenophrys venom reduces the equine antibody response towards Bothrops asper venom used as co-immunogen in the production of polyspecific snake antivenom

Arroyo

Solano

Herrera

et al. 2015

Toxicon

Self Cite

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“…Consequently, manufacturers of some very effective antivenoms are leaving the markets and neglect has led to avoidable deaths [ 159 , 160 ]. In some cases, such as sub-Saharan Africa, there are new antivenoms being developed [ 161 , 162 ] and, similarly, a new, cost-effective, antivenom is being developed for Oxyuranus scutellatus envenomations in Papua New Guinea [ 163 , 164 ].…”

Section: Issues and Controversies In Modern Medical Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Snakebite: When the Human Touch Becomes a Bad Touch

Fry

2018

Toxins

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Many issues and complications in treating snakebite are a result of poor human social, economic and clinical intervention and management. As such, there is scope for significant improvements for reducing incidence and increasing patient outcomes. Snakes do not target humans as prey, but as our dwellings and farms expand ever farther and climate change increases snake activity periods, accidental encounters with snakes seeking water and prey increase drastically. Despite its long history, the snakebite crisis is neglected, ignored, underestimated and fundamentally misunderstood. Tens of thousands of lives are lost to snakebites each year and hundreds of thousands of people will survive with some form of permanent damage and reduced work capacity. These numbers are well recognized as being gross underestimations due to poor to non-existent record keeping in some of the most affected areas. These underestimations complicate achieving the proper recognition of snakebite’s socioeconomic impact and thus securing foreign aid to help alleviate this global crisis. Antivenoms are expensive and hospitals are few and far between, leaving people to seek help from traditional healers or use other forms of ineffective treatment. In some cases, cheaper, inappropriately manufactured antivenom from other regions is used despite no evidence for their efficacy, with often robust data demonstrating they are woefully ineffective in neutralizing many venoms for which they are marketed for. Inappropriate first-aid and treatments include cutting the wound, tourniquets, electrical shock, immersion in ice water, and use of ineffective herbal remedies by traditional healers. Even in the developed world, there are fundamental controversies including fasciotomy, pressure bandages, antivenom dosage, premedication such as adrenalin, and lack of antivenom for exotic snakebites in the pet trade. This review explores the myriad of human-origin factors that influence the trajectory of global snakebite causes and treatment failures and illustrate that snakebite is as much a sociological and economic problem as it is a medical one. Reducing the incidence and frequency of such controllable factors are therefore realistic targets to help alleviate the global snakebite burden as incremental improvements across several areas will have a strong cumulative effect.

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“…Binding interactions of added antigens (or antibodies) are monitored real-time by measuring the change of refractive index using polarized light [ 44 ]. In the more specific field of snake antivenom antibodies, SPR has mainly been used for studying binding kinetics and affinity [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ], but could also be exploited for the study of antivenom cross-reactivity. Recently, a study by Langer et al [ 52 ], investigating the cross-reactivity of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for synthetic cannabinoids, demonstrated the potential of SPR as a valuable tool for this type of investigation due to the reduced amount of manual labor, the real-time analysis, and the high information content obtained about the binding interactions.…”

Section: Traditional Studies Of Cross-reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Cross-Reactivity in Antivenom Research

Ledsgaard

Jenkins

Davidsen

et al. 2018

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Antivenom cross-reactivity has been investigated for decades to determine which antivenoms can be used to treat snakebite envenomings from different snake species. Traditionally, the methods used for analyzing cross-reactivity have been immunodiffusion, immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enzymatic assays, and in vivo neutralization studies. In recent years, new methods for determination of cross-reactivity have emerged, including surface plasmon resonance, antivenomics, and high-density peptide microarray technology. Antivenomics involves a top-down assessment of the toxin-binding capacities of antivenoms, whereas high-density peptide microarray technology may be harnessed to provide in-depth knowledge on which toxin epitopes are recognized by antivenoms. This review provides an overview of both the classical and new methods used to investigate antivenom cross-reactivity, the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and examples of studies using the methods. A special focus is given to antivenomics and high-density peptide microarray technology as these high-throughput methods have recently been introduced in this field and may enable more detailed assessments of antivenom cross-reactivity.

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Antivenomic Characterization of Two Antivenoms Against the Venom of the Taipan, Oxyuranus scutellatus, from Papua New Guinea and Australia

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Lachesis stenophrys venom reduces the equine antibody response towards Bothrops asper venom used as co-immunogen in the production of polyspecific snake antivenom

Lachesis stenophrys venom reduces the equine antibody response towards Bothrops asper venom used as co-immunogen in the production of polyspecific snake antivenom

Snakebite: When the Human Touch Becomes a Bad Touch

Antibody Cross-Reactivity in Antivenom Research

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