2009
DOI: 10.1128/aac.01509-08
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Antiviral Activity of Chloroquine against Human Coronavirus OC43 Infection in Newborn Mice

Abstract: Until recently, human coronaviruses (HCoVs), such as HCoV strain OC43 (HCoV-OC43), were mainly known to cause 15 to 30% of mild upper respiratory tract infections. In recent years, the identification of new HCoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, revealed that HCoVs can be highly pathogenic and can cause more severe upper and lower respiratory tract infections, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. To date, no specific antiviral drugs to prevent or treat HCoV infections are available. … Show more

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Cited by 286 publications
(279 citation statements)
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“…Twice daily administration of chloroquine (90 mg/kg) has been shown to increase the Balb/c mice survival rate to 80%–90% after infection with Ebola virus (EBOV) [43]. In a C57BL/6 mice model for coronavirus infection, chloroquine (50 mg/kg) protected 100% of 5-day-old suckling mice infected with human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) when administered to pregnant mice 1 day prepartum [44]. A survival rate of 70% was observed in Balb/c mice infected with avian influenza H5N1 virus treated with chloroquine at 50 mg/kg/day [45].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Twice daily administration of chloroquine (90 mg/kg) has been shown to increase the Balb/c mice survival rate to 80%–90% after infection with Ebola virus (EBOV) [43]. In a C57BL/6 mice model for coronavirus infection, chloroquine (50 mg/kg) protected 100% of 5-day-old suckling mice infected with human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) when administered to pregnant mice 1 day prepartum [44]. A survival rate of 70% was observed in Balb/c mice infected with avian influenza H5N1 virus treated with chloroquine at 50 mg/kg/day [45].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mechanistic studies against VP35 and possibly other proteins should also be pursued and may be enlightened by the observation that both of these compounds also have reported activity against other viruses. For example, chloroquine is active against human coronavirus OC43 ( in vitro and in infected mice) as well as SARS ( in vitro ) 10, 30, 31 , while amodiaquine also inhibits dengue virus 2 replication and infectivity in vitro 11 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Looked at from another perspective “non-antiviral” drugs may be worth following up even though their molecular mechanism is unknown. These compounds may themselves have broad antiviral activity as reports describe modest inhibitory activity against other viruses 1013 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The rationales for using chloroquine in dengue patients include the drug's anti-inflammatory property, possible antiviral effect, with action on flaviviruses, low cost, universal availability and safety and global public health importance of dengue. Recently, a potential use of chloroquine has been described in some viral infections, such as influenza, human immunodeficiency virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome (coronavirus) (Lanciotti et al 1992, Savarino et al 2003, 2006, Vincent et al 2005, Adachi et al 2007, Di Trani et al 2007, Keyaerts et al. 2009, Martinson et al 2010).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%