Antiviral effect of silymarin against Zika virus in vitro

Silva, Tales Fernando da; Ferraz, Ariane Coelho; Almeida, Letícia Trindade; Caetano, Camila Carla da Silva; Camini, Fernanda Caetano; Lima, Rafaela Lameira Souza; Andrade, Aron José Pazin de; Oliveira, Danilo Bretas de; Rocha, Kamila Lorene Soares; Silva, Breno de Mello; Magalhães, José Carlos de; Magalhães, Cíntia Lopes de Brito

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105613

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Instead of isolated compounds, several studies also investigated the anti-ZIKV effect of plant extracts as a starting point for the identification of novel anti-ZIKV agents. 59,[90][91][92][93][94][95] Most of these extracts are polyphenol-rich, such as extracts from Polygonum cuspidatum, 93 Psiloxylon mauritianum, 92 Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi, 91 Punica granatum, 59 Doratoxylon apetalum, 90 Aphloia theiformis, 94 and silymarin, an extract from the plant Silybum marianum L. Gaertn. 95 From these extracts, natural products with novel chemical scaffolds can be identified.…”

Section: Inhibitors With Unknown Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products as Zika antivirals

Fong

Chu

2022

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus belonging to the flavivirus genus and is transmitted in Aedes mosquito vectors. Since its discovery in humans in 1952 in Uganda, ZIKV has been responsible for many outbreaks in South America, Africa, and Asia. Patients infected with ZIKV are usually asymptomatic; mild symptoms include fever, joint and muscle pain, and fatigue. However, severe infections may have neurological implications, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and fetal microcephaly. To date, there are no existing approved therapeutic drugs or vaccines against ZIKV infections; treatments mainly target the symptoms of infection.Preventive measures against mosquito breeding are the main strategy for limiting the spread of the virus. Antiviral drug research for the treatment of ZIKV infection has been rapidly developing, with many drug candidates emerging from drug repurposing studies, and compound screening. In particular, several studies have demonstrated the potential of natural products as antivirals for ZIKV infection. Hence, this paper will review recent advances in natural products in ZIKV antiviral drug discovery.

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Section: Inhibitors With Unknown Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products as Zika antivirals

Fong

Chu

2022

Medicinal Research Reviews

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“…The compound exhibited threefold inhibition at a concentration of 25 μg/ml against the chikungunya virus in cultured cells (Lani et al, 2015). It possessed a significant inhibition of Zika virus with an IC 50 of 34 μg/ml (da Silva et al, 2020). Silymarin at a concentration of 100 μg/ml demonstrated anti‐influenza viral activity of 98% in cultured cells (J.…”

Section: Potential Of Flavonoids To Be Phytotherapeutics For Sars‐cov‐2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as potential phytotherapeutics to combat cytokine storm in SARS‐CoV‐2

Gour

Manhas

Bag

et al. 2021

Phytotherapy Research

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Emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, COVID‐19, has become the global panic since December 2019, which urges the global healthcare professionals to identify novel therapeutics to counteract this pandemic. So far, there is no approved treatment available to control this public health issue; however, a few antiviral agents and repurposed drugs support the patients under medical supervision by compromising their adverse effects, especially in emergency conditions. Only a few vaccines have been approved to date. In this context, several plant natural products‐based research studies are evidenced to play a crucial role in immunomodulation that can prevent the chances of infection as well as combat the cytokine release storm (CRS) generated during COVID‐19 infection. In this present review, we have focused on flavonoids, especially epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, hesperidin, naringenin, quercetin, rutin, luteolin, baicalin, diosmin, ge nistein, biochanin A, and silymarin, which can counteract the virus‐mediated elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines leading to multiple organ failure. In addition, a comprehensive discussion on available in silico, in vitro, and in vivo findings with critical analysis has also been evaluated, which might pave the way for further development of phytotherapeutics to identify the potential lead candidatetoward effective and safe management of the SARS‐CoV‐2 disease.

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“…In an in-vitro study, silimarin showed strong antiviral activity against ZIKV, exerting its activity at all phases of the viral replication cycle, but especially at earlier stages of viral replication. Simlymarin may act synergistically to reduce viral load at all stages due to its complex structure of phytocompounds [91].…”

Section: Silymarinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenolic Compounds - A Promising Leads for Antiviral Therapy

Nagarajan¹

2021

Pharmacophore

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Medicinal plants consist of a wide range of phytochemicals, which are usually described as secondary metabolites. The production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants affects different factors, like stress and defensive responses. Various factors, such as species differences, environmental variables, and so on, will influence the type and level of the presence of secondary metabolites. Phytochemicals are produced by these medicinal plants and have a range of biological effects on human health. Polyphenolic compounds are found throughout the plant kingdom that is highly effective in lowering or minimizing the risk of various chronic illnesses. Polyphenols are classified into two types: flavonoids and phenolic acids. Medicinal plants and plant-based foods have complex mixtures of bioactive polyphenolic compounds. Because of this complexation, we are unable to identify the specific phenolic compounds' health benefits. A variety of scientific publications have explored polyphenolic phytochemicals' biological activity and mechanisms of action. The relevant data were collected from peer-reviewed journals, accessed from different data resources like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The current review article focuses on the study of the antiviral properties of polyphenolic compounds.

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Antiviral effect of silymarin against Zika virus in vitro

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Natural products as Zika antivirals

Natural products as Zika antivirals

Flavonoids as potential phytotherapeutics to combat cytokine storm in SARS‐CoV‐2

Polyphenolic Compounds - A Promising Leads for Antiviral Therapy

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