Antiviral Effects of Novel Herbal Medicine KIOM-C, on Diverse Viruses

Talactac, Melbourne Rio; Chowdhury, Mohammed Y.E.; Park, Min Eun; Weeratunga, Prasanna; Kim, So Yeon; Cho, Won Kyung; Kim, Chul-Joong; Yeul, Jin; Lee, Jong-Soo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0125357

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…To evaluate anti-influenza A virus activity, we assessed virus-induced CPE and used a modified GFP assay as previously described (Talactac et al, 2015). MDCK cells were infected with A/PR8/34-GFP (10 MOI) for 2 h after 6 h pre-treatment with the serially diluted concentration of EMF in the pre-treatment assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanolic Extract of Melia Fructus Has Anti-influenza A Virus Activity by Affecting Viral Entry and Viral RNA Polymerase

et al. 2017

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Meliae Fructus (MF) is the dried ripe fruit of Melia toosendan Siebold et Zuccarini, Meliaceae family. MF is widely used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation and helminthic infection and has anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. However, potential anti-influenza properties of MF have yet to be investigated. We determined whether an ethanolic extract of MF (EMF) has anti-viral activity via an EMF pre-, co-, and post-treatment assay, using the Influenza A/PR/8/34 and H3N2 virus on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The EMF had anti-influenza virus activity in pre- and co-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner, but not in post-treated cell. EMF inhibited the activity of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of influenza virus. EMF inhibited viral HA, nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein 2 (M2), non-structural protein 1 (NS1), polymerase acidic protein (PA), polymerase basic protein 1 (PB1), and polymerase basic protein 2 (PB2) mRNA synthesis at 5 h post infection (hpi), however, the levels of PA, PB1, and PB2 mRNA were increased in pre- and co-EMF treated cells compared with control virus-infected and EMF post-treated cells at 18 hpi. The level of M2 protein expression was also decreased upon pre- and co-treatment with EMF. The PA protein was accumulated and localized in not only the nucleus but also the cytoplasm of virus-infected MDCK cells at 18 hpi. Pre-EMF treatment inhibited the expression of pAKT, which is induced by influenza virus infection, at the stage of virus entry. We also found that treatment of EMF up-regulated the antiviral protein Mx1, which may play a partial role in inhibiting influenza virus infection in pre- and co-EMF treated MDCK cells. In summary, these results strongly suggested that an ethanolic extract of Meliae Fructus inhibited influenza A virus infection by affecting viral entry, PA proteins of the RNA polymerase complex, and Mx1 induction and may be a potential and novel anti-influenza agent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanolic Extract of Melia Fructus Has Anti-influenza A Virus Activity by Affecting Viral Entry and Viral RNA Polymerase

et al. 2017

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“…A viral replication inhibition assay was performed using the GFP viruses described previously (Cho et al, 2015 ; Choi et al, 2016 ). We tested the antiviral effect of WEF against viral pathogens previously used in studies as challenged viruses, such as VSV, NDV, and PR8-GFP (Talactac et al, 2015 ). RAW264.7 cells (8 × 10 5 cells/well) were seeded in 12-well plates, and the cells were incubated for 12 h. Cells were incubated for 12 h in DMEM alone (untreated or virus-only group), DMEM with 1,000 U of recombinant mouse interferon (IFN-β, positive control), or DMEM with 100 μg/mL WEF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, natural products derived from medicinal plants play a role as one of the most important raw materials of lead compounds in pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the search for antiviral active substances using traditional medicinal plants offers great potential for the development of potentially effective new antiviral agents (Lin et al, 2014 ; Talactac et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eupatorium fortunei and Its Components Increase Antiviral Immune Responses against RNA Viruses

et al. 2017

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Eupatorium fortunei (EF) has long been used as herbal medicine in Korea, China, and Asian countries to treat a variety of diseases. Recent studies have reported that EF has anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant activities, as well as activities against malignant metastatic human cancers. The effect of EF and its components on viruses has not been reported. In the present study, the antiviral activity and mechanism of action of an aqueous extract of EF (WEF) and its components were evaluated in vitro. We found that pretreatment with WEF markedly reduced viral replication, as evaluated using a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged virus (influenza A virus, Newcastle disease virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus) in murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. We demonstrated that WEF induces the production of type I IFN including pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, we identified the active anti-viral components of WEF as quercetin, psoralen, and quercitrin. Thus, WEF and its active components are immunomodulators of the innate immune response in murine macrophages, a finding that is potentially useful to developing prophylactic or therapeutic treatments against a range of viruses.

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“…A GFP-based viral replication assay was performed with a GFP-tagged IAV as described previously (Talactac et al, 2015). RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in six-well plates (1 × 10 6 cells/well) for 12 h. Cells were then exposed to a medium (RPMI, negative control), 1000 U recombinant mouse IFN-β (positive control), or 100 μg/mL WPS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Anti-viral Activity of Psoraleae Semen Water Extract against Influenza A Viruses

et al. 2016

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Influenza causes respiratory infections and poses health risks to humans and animals; its effects are complicated by increasing resistance to existing anti-influenza viral agents. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches against influenza virus infection are required. Psoraleae semen has been widely used in traditional medicine in Korea, Taiwan, China, and Japan for treating and preventing various diseases. In this study, we examined the anti-viral activities and mechanism of action of the water extract of Psoraleae semen (WPS) using RAW 264.7 and MDCK cells. We found that pre- and post-treatment with 100 μg/mL WPS markedly inhibited influenza A virus replication as assessed using a green fluorescent protein reporter virus, reduced viral protein expression (NS-1, PA, HA, PB-1, M1, and M2), and inhibited NA and HA activities. Mechanism studies revealed that WPS induced type I interferon cytokine secretion and subsequent stimulation of an anti-viral state in RAW 264.7 cells. Further, WPS exerted inhibitory effects on neuraminidase in influenza virus strains H1N1 and H3N2. Meanwhile, WPS exhibited inhibitory effects on hemagglutination in H3N2 but not in H1N1. Based on these results, WPS serves as an immunomodulator and inhibitor of influenza hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Our results suggest that WPS is a promising source of novel anti-influenza drug candidates.

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Antiviral Effects of Novel Herbal Medicine KIOM-C, on Diverse Viruses

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Ethanolic Extract of Melia Fructus Has Anti-influenza A Virus Activity by Affecting Viral Entry and Viral RNA Polymerase

Ethanolic Extract of Melia Fructus Has Anti-influenza A Virus Activity by Affecting Viral Entry and Viral RNA Polymerase

Eupatorium fortunei and Its Components Increase Antiviral Immune Responses against RNA Viruses

In vitro Anti-viral Activity of Psoraleae Semen Water Extract against Influenza A Viruses

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