Antiviral optical techniques as a possible novel approach to COVID-19 treatment

Moshfegh, Fereshteh; Khosraviani, Farshad; Moghaddasi, Negar; Limoodi, Seyedeh Fatemeh Seyed Javadi; Boluki, Ebrahim

doi:10.1142/s1793545821300020

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Published studies include PBM's effect on tissue inflammation 233,234 ; cellular metabolism 235 ; cytokine regulation 236,237 ; blood perfusion 238,239 ; cardiopulmonary function 240,241 ; tissue oxygenation and SpO2 242,243 ; immunomodulation 244,245 ; and inhibiting neurodegeneration 246 .…”

Section: Survey Of Covid Pbm Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy Part II

Williams

2023

MRAJ

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Purpose: To empirically confirm the utility of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the treatment of acute and long COVID-19 guided by a mechanistic analysis of the photochemical effects of pulsed light on SARS-CoV-2 infections and disease progression. Background: COVID-19 comprises a coronavirus severe inflammatory disease infecting tissue populated by ACE-2 receptors of the upper and lower respiratory tract and AEC causing an overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Once in the lungs, viremic spread and cytokine profusion progresses into multi-organ hyperinflammation of visceral epithelium, vascular endothelium, and neurons of the CNS, PNS, ANS, and brain with long-term sequelae. In response to an oxidative state, red and NIR PBM down-regulates proinflammatory cytokines, activating M2 macrophages and Th2 helper cells to increase anti-inflammatory immune response in accordance with a biphasic dose response. Published reports confirm efficacious therapy of COVID-19 using conformal LED pads or scanned lasers. Results: A series of two acute COVID case studies comprising 69 ambulatory (stage 1-to-5) and five stage-6 hospitalized patients confirm the efficacious impact of whole-organ deep-tissue PBM using algorithmically-pulsed conformal LED pad optical delivery methods. Together, acute symptomatic recovery from two 64-84 min PBM sessions occurred within three days for 62/62 patients. Full recovery occurred within four sessions for all PBM patients (all but two cases resolved within one week). Prophylactic benefits were recorded in 17/17 asymptomatic-to-mild (stage 0-1) patients exposed to viral shedding of infected family members. PBM of long COVID outcomes include total resolution of dyspnea, ability to maintain SpO2 above 97% without oxygen supplementation, relief from digestive distress, elimination of brain fog, improved memory recall, restored executive function, and symptomatically managing emotional deficits. Total whole-organ PBM treatments to date comprise approximately three-hundred fifty cases comprising 60% acute COVID-19, 20% metabolic and respiratory long COVID, and 20% neurological long COVID. Unresolved cases totaling 0.25% include two cases of severe long COVID anxiety and nosophobia where PBM was found to deliver only short-term palliative relief. Conclusion: Ongoing results increasingly support the application of whole-organ deep tissue PBM in the treatment of acute and long COVID-19. Both conformal LED pads and scanning lasers demonstrate favorable outcomes. LED pads deliver higher fluences than scanned lasers in the same session times. Further studies of the prophylactic benefits of PBM are indicated.

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Section: Survey Of Covid Pbm Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy Part II

Williams

2023

MRAJ

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“…Studying the mechanisms of virus deactivation could have huge benefits for battling pandemics such as COVID-19. Until now, various chemical [ 3 ], optical [ 4 , 5 ] and thermal methods [ 6 ] have been developed to perform these tasks. However, most of the techniques using chemical or optical agents to trap, count and inactivate the virus prove to be cumbersome, and are difficult to integrate onto a single platform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation, Sampling and Inactivation of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Using Nonuniform Electric Fields on Micro-Fabricated Platforms: A Review

et al. 2023

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Micro-devices that use electric fields to trap, analyze and inactivate micro-organisms vary in concept, design and application. The application of electric fields to manipulate and inactivate bacteria and single-celled organisms has been described extensively in the literature. By contrast, the effect of such fields on viruses is not well understood. This review explores the possibility of using existing methods for manipulating and inactivating larger viruses and bacteria, for smaller viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It also provides an overview of the theoretical background. The findings may be used to implement new ideas and frame experimental parameters that optimize the manipulation, sampling and inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 electrically.

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