“…The activity of the mTOR signaling pathway can be modulated by a variety of factors and pathways acting on different steps, and mTORC1 was activated by the binding of IGF1 to its receptor (40,43). After transplantation, ASCs remained viable at the injured site and secreted growth factors in a continuous and regulated manner in response to the environmental cues, including IGF (2,5,9,14,(22)(23)(24)37,44,46). We thus concluded that the increased muscle size, wet weight, and area of the myofibers in the ASC-transplanted groups are due to the following mechanism: The transplanted ASCs secrete growth factors; those stimulate the mTOR signaling pathway, which activates the synthesis of protein and muscle hypertrophy.…”