Anxiety and Depression Levels of Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation and Their Need for Training

Liver Transplant—Psychiatric and Psychosocial Aspects

“…[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] The sample sizes of such studies have ranged from 20 to 247. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Various instruments have been used to measure and diagnose depression including self-rating scales like Beck Depression Inventory; clinician rated scale like Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and structured interviews with professionals. The rates of depression have varied from 4.5% 31 to 64%.…”

“…The results show the prevalence of anxiety symptoms or anxiety disorders varies between 20 and 50% in the patients awaiting transplantation. 31,32,[37][38][39]42,43 Among the various anxiety disorders, presence of adjustment disorders 31,37,38 and obsessive symptoms 42 have been documented in a significant proportion of patients. A study in which domains of anxiety and depression were combined, reported a diagnosis of adjustment disorder or depression in upto 36% of the patients awaiting liver transplantation.…”

Renal recovery following orthotopic liver transplant after prolonged kidney injury: Perspectives on diagnosing hepatorenal syndrome and determining which patients should undergo simultaneous liver kidney transplantation

“…Incorrectly diagnosing cirrhotic patients with irreversible renal failure leads to needlessly listing these patients for SLK. On an individual level, this translates to increased time on the transplant waitlist and its associated stress, anxiety, and relative negative quality of life (24)(25)(26). On a societal level, this means that fewer kidneys are available to ESRD patients, who face a 6% annual mortality on the kidney transplant waitlist (27).…”

Disease Targeted Measures of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in Patients with Advanced Liver Disease Before and After Liver Transplantation

“…Psychotherapy and/or psychotherapy in conjunction with pharmacological treatment might be indicated during all the phases of the transplant process as they are individuals who tend to manifest traits such as depression, anxiety and phobia (Marcellin, 2007). Anxiety reduction techniques, autogenic training, systematic relaxation techniques, guided imagery, and pain management are recommended (Pasquini, 2006;Pelgur, 2009 Awareness of information regarding the actual surgical event and future treatments Table 6. Domains of the pre-transplant psychological evaluation A mail survey was done to assess the importance of professionals assigned to psychosocial factors in evaluations for liver transplant candidacy and liver transplant surgeons from the highest volume liver transplant centers in the United States.…”