Anxiety and depressive disorders in adult children caring for demented parents.

Dura, Jason R.; Stukenberg, Karl; Kiecolt‐Glaser, Janice K.

doi:10.1037/0882-7974.6.3.467

Cited by 161 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, Dura and colleagues report that dementia caregivers are significantly more likely to have a depressive disorder compared to demographically matched non-caregivers (14). In a later study, children caregivers of parents with dementia were found to be significantly more likely to have depressive and anxiety disorder relative to non-caregivers (15). Russo and colleagues also report caregivers to have greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders than demographically matched non-caregivers (16).…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 90%

A Comparison of Psychosocial Outcomes in Elderly Alzheimer Caregivers and Noncaregivers

Mausbach

Chattillion

Roepke

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

124

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Objectives To conduct ananalysis of the stress, coping, and mood consequences of Alzheimer’s caregiving. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Community-based study. Participants Sample included 125 Alzheimer’s caregivers and 60 demographically similar older adults with non-demented spouses (i.e., non-caregivers). Measurements We compared caregivers and non-caregivers on stress, coping, and mood outcomes. We also examined anti-depressant use within the caregiver sample. An emphasis was placed upon effect size differences, including Cohen’s d as well as more clinically meaningful effect sizes. Results Caregivers were significantly more likely to endorse depressive symptoms and to meet clinically significant cutoff for depression (40% for caregivers; 5% for non-caregivers). Approximately 25% of caregivers reported taking anti-depressant medication, although 69% of these continued to experience significant symptoms of depression. Caregivers also utilized fewer positive coping and greater negative coping strategies relative to non-caregivers. Conclusions The number of caregivers will increase dramatically over the next two decades, and caregivers will likely seek care from primary care providers. We provide an overview of the psychological issues facing caregivers so that effective screening and treatment may be recommended.

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Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 90%

A Comparison of Psychosocial Outcomes in Elderly Alzheimer Caregivers and Noncaregivers

Mausbach

Chattillion

Roepke

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

124

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“…"Wife" caregivers seem to be pushed by a stronger sense of duty and are inclined to care more scrupulously for their husband, but at the same time, they would like to desert this role; all this contributes to a growing sense of guilt and uneasiness. Gonzales-Salvador et al [16] and Waite et al [17] found no impact whatsoever of familial relationship on caregivers' stress levels; -living arrangement: living with the patient is highlighted by most studies as a risk factor for caregiver suffering [4, 11,18], though not all reach the same conclusion [19,20];…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of distress in caregivers of elderly demented patients and its relationship with coping strategies

et al. 2008

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Objective: Previous studies have shown that taking care of elderly, demented patients carries a high cost to caregivers' health, and is associated with negative consequences on physical and mental health. The aim of this study is to investigate which socio-demographic and clinical variables are significantly associated with higher levels of distress in caregivers, and the relationship between caregivers' levels of distress and the coping strategies they adopt. Patients and participants: The study samples 112 caregivers of demented patients, consecutively admitted to the Department of Neurology of San Raffaele-Turro Hospital (Milan, Italy). Measurements and results:Caregivers were asked to complete the CBI and the Italian version of the COPE.The main result is that caregivers with the highest levels of distress are characterised by an impaired physical health status. It was also found that avoidance coping may represent a risk factor associated with higher levels of distress; conversely, an active and problem-focused approach to stressful situations may act as a protective factor.Keywords: Dementia, Caregiver, Burden of Illness, Coping Behavior 3 Riassunto Obiettivo: In letteratura è documentato che prendersi cura di un anziano affetto da demenza comporta per il caregiver un prezzo molto elevato da pagare, e si associa a conseguenze negative sul piano della salute fisica e psichica. Obiettivo della presente ricerca è stato quello di valutare quali variabili socio-demografiche e cliniche possano essere significativamente associate ad elevati livelli di stress nel caregiver stesso, e la relazione esistente tra i livelli di stress del caregiver e il ricorso alle strategie di coping. Pazienti e partecipanti: Lo studio ha coinvolto 112 caregiver di altrettanti pazienti dementi consecutivamente ammessi presso il Reparto di Neurologia dell'Ospedale San Raffaele Turro di Milano. Risultati: I caregiver hanno compilato il CBI e la versione italiana del COPE. I risultati indicano che i caregiver soggetti ad elevati livelli di stress si caratterizzano per uno stato compromesso di salute fisica. Uno stile di coping centrato sull'evitamento delle situazioni problematiche può costituire un fattore di rischio per elevati livelli di stress nel caregiver; il ricorso a strategie attive focalizzate sulla risoluzione del problema può configurarsi come fattore protettivo. 4 IntroductionThere is ample evidence that taking care of dependent elderly people comes at a very high cost to caregivers' health; more specifically, caregiving affects their physical and psychological health both directly and indirectly [1,2].In Italy, family members are the principal caregivers to elderly, non self-sufficient people. Caregivers are mostly spouses or daughters who decided to take care of the patients in a direct way, that is by living with them [3]. On average, three quarters of their daytime is spent responding to the patients' needs; the amount of time devoted to the patient is inexorably destined to increase as the illness worsens [1].Pr...

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“…In the context of anxiety, between 3.7% and 76.5% of caregivers present symptoms of anxiety [18] and between 10.0% and 16.0% sufer from an anxiety disorder [8,24]. The severity of physical health consequences of the person with dementia and the caregiver's overload and their coping style (escape-avoidance and confrontation, especially) are factors associated with higher levels of anxiety [18].…”

Section: Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of caregiving on the emotional state of caregivers is well documented [7]. Speciically, it has been found that 10.0% of caregivers have anxiety disorders [8] and between 8.9% and 32.0% have a major depressive episode [9,10], being insomnia or hypersomnia, diminished ability to think or concentrate and depressed mood the most frequent symptoms (see Table 1) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathological Symptoms in Caregivers of Demented and Nondemented Patients

Vázquez¹,

Otero²,

Blanco³

et al. 2018

Caregiving and Home Care

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Currently, more than 1 in 10 adults living in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development is involved in nonprofessional care of a dependent family member. The main causes of dependence are dementia, followed by other conditions such as cerebrovascular accidents, limb impairment, depression, and vision impairment. Although care provided by the caregiver is crucial to the well-being of the cared person, it can also have negative consequences on the caregiver's emotional state. This chapter aims to describe the psychopathological symptoms experienced by caregivers based on the condition of the person cared for. A bibliographic search was conducted to examine the efects of care on the emotional state of caregivers, distinguishing patients with dementia from those with other conditions. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were the most frequent psychopathological symptoms, both in caregivers of demented and nondemented patients, experienced by caregivers of patients with dementia, cerebrovascular accidents, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, cancer, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and autism spectrum disorder. In caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder and vision impairment, depressive symptoms were most prominent, whereas anxiety symptoms were common in caregivers of patients with spinal cord injuries. Sleep disturbances were found among caregivers of dementia and schizophrenia patients. Strategies for preventing psychopathological symptoms were provided and the importance of professional support when they occur was pointed out.

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Anxiety and depressive disorders in adult children caring for demented parents.

Cited by 161 publications

References 24 publications

A Comparison of Psychosocial Outcomes in Elderly Alzheimer Caregivers and Noncaregivers

A Comparison of Psychosocial Outcomes in Elderly Alzheimer Caregivers and Noncaregivers

The burden of distress in caregivers of elderly demented patients and its relationship with coping strategies

Psychopathological Symptoms in Caregivers of Demented and Nondemented Patients

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