Anxiety reduction on atomoxetine and methylphenidate medication in children with ADHD

Snircova, E.; Marcincakova-Husarova, Veronika; Hrtanek, Igor; Kulhan, T.; Ondrejka, Igor; Nosálóvá, G

doi:10.1111/ped.12847

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Differential diagnosis between ADHD and anxiety disorders is an ongoing challenge in clinical settings (Grogan et al, 2018) and some researchers have even suggested a distinct ADHD-Anxiety clinical subtype (Jensen et al, 2001; Reimherr et al, 2017). Interestingly, both adults and children have demonstrated a reduction in anxiety symptoms when taking medications traditionally prescribed for ADHD (i.e., methylphenidate, atomoxetine), suggesting a potential common neurobiology of the symptoms comprising each disorder (Snicova et al, 2016; Reimherr et al, 2017).…”

Section: Research Developments In Adhd With Links To Sensory Responsimentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Over-Responsivity as an Added Dimension in ADHD

Lane

Reynolds

2019

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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Years of research have added to our understanding of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). None-the-less there is still much that is poorly understood. There is a need for, and ongoing interest in, developing a deeper understanding of this disorder to optimally identify risk and better inform treatment. Here, we present a compilation of findings examining ADHD both behaviorally and using neurophysiologic markers. Drawing on early work of McIntosh and co-investigators, we examined response to sensory challenge in children with ADHD, measuring HPA activity and electrodermal response (EDR) secondary to sensory stressors. In addition, we have examined the relationship between these physiologic measures, and reports of behavioral sensory over-responsivity and anxiety. Findings suggest that sensory responsivity differentiates among children with ADHD and warrants consideration. We link these findings with research conducted both prior to and after our own work and emphasize that there a growing knowledge supporting a relationship between ADHD and sensory over-responsivity, but more research is needed. Given the call from the National Institute of Health to move toward a more dimensional diagnostic process for mental health concerns, and away from the more routine categorical diagnostic process, we suggest sensory over-responsivity as a dimension in the diagnostic process for children with ADHD.

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Section: Research Developments In Adhd With Links To Sensory Responsimentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Over-Responsivity as an Added Dimension in ADHD

Lane

Reynolds

2019

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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“…Increased aggression can however also be an adverse effect of psychostimulant treatment, and it is unclear whether this is dose dependent (15). Furthermore, studies addressing the effect of MPH on anxiety are mixed and may depend on the state anxiety of the individual (16–19). In both human and animal studies, the dose of MPH appeared to be related to the behavioral outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylphenidate Dose-Dependently Affects Aggression and Improves Fear Extinction and Anxiety in BALB/cJ Mice

et al. 2019

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Overt aggression, increased anxiety, and dysfunctional fear processing are often observed in individuals with conduct disorder (CD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate (MPH), a psychostimulant increasing dopamine and noradrenaline tone, is effective in reducing aggression in both CD and ADHD individuals. However, it is unclear to which extent these effects of MPH are dose dependent. Here, the effects of acute intraperitoneal MPH (3 and 10 mg/kg) on aggression, anxiety, social behavior, and fear extinction were investigated in BALB/cJ mice. Previous studies in BALB/cJ mice have revealed high levels of aggression and anxiety that are associated with reduced top-down cortical control. Administration of 3 mg/kg MPH prolonged the attack latency and prevented escalation of aggression over time compared to vehicle-treated mice, while 10 mg/kg MPH increased number of bites and attacks. In addition, 3 mg/kg MPH decreased social interaction slightly. A strong anxiolytic effect was found after administration of both the 3 and 10 mg/kg doses in the elevated plus maze and the open-field test. In addition, while vehicle-treated BALB/cJ animals showed intact freezing, both doses of MPH decreased freezing to the unconditioned stimulus in a fear-conditioning paradigm. A long-lasting effect on fear extinction was visible after treatment with the 10 mg/kg dose. The data support a role for MPH in the regulation of anxiety, fear processing, and aggression in BALB/cJ mice, with the latter effect in a dose-dependent manner. The findings provide a further context for examining the effects of MPH in clinical disorders such as ADHD and CD.

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“…There were no drug-placebo differences between those with and without anxiety in response of ADHD to methylphenidate, bupropion, or atomoxetine. A total of 69 children with ADHD ( n = 69) were randomized to either methylphenidate or atomoxetine (Snircova et al, 2016). Both drugs were effective for ADHD but atomoxetine was more effective for reducing anxiety.…”

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confidence: 99%