Anxiety Symptoms in HIV-Infected Individuals

Kemppainen, Jeanne; MacKain, Sally; Reyes, Darcel

doi:10.1016/j.jana.2012.08.011

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Anxiety symptoms are commonly seen in HIV-infected individuals (Kemppainen et al, 2013). Nevertheless, little is know about the biological basis of anxiety disorders in HIV patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychiatric and anxiety symptoms are also very common in individuals with HIV (Bing et al, 2001; Kemppainen et al, 2013). Moreover, people living with HIV are vulnerable to suicidal ideation and behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is partly due to the potential harmful drug interaction with antiretroviral therapy (Owe-Larsson et al, 2009). The effects of herbal supplements or psycho-spiritual interventions that are commonly used for anxiety in the general population have not been studied [reviewed in (Kemppainen et al, 2013)]. Moreover, past research has mostly focused on documenting associations between HIV and psychological disorders, but very little experimental work has been done to address explanatory processes that may underlie such associations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of gp120 in mice evokes anxiety behavior: Co-occurrence with increased dendritic spines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the amygdala

Bachis

Forcelli

Masliah

et al. 2016

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection of the brain produces cognitive and motor disorders. In addition, HIV positive individuals exhibit behavioral alterations, such as apathy, and a decrease in spontaneity or emotional responses, typically seen in anxiety disorders. Anxiety can lead to psychological stress, which has been shown to influence HIV disease progression. These considerations underscore the importance of determining if anxiety in HIV is purely psychosocial, or if by contrast, there are the molecular cascades associated directly with HIV infection that may mediate anxiety. The present study had two goals: 1) to determine if chronic exposure to viral proteins would induce anxiety-like behavior in an animal model and 2) to determine if this exposure results in anatomical abnormalities that could explain increased anxiety. We have used gp120 transgenic mice, which display behavior and molecular deficiencies similar to HIV positive subjects with cognitive and motor impairments. In comparison to wild type mice, 6 months old gp120 transgenic mice demonstrated an anxiety like behavior measured by open field, light/dark transition task, and prepulse inhibition tests. Moreover, gp120 transgenic mice have an increased number of spines in the amygdala, as well as higher levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tissue plasminogen activator when compared to age-matched wild type. Our data support the hypothesis that HIV, through gp120, may cause structural changes in the amygdala that lead to maladaptive responses to anxiety.

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“…Anxiety symptoms are commonly seen in HIV-infected individuals (Kemppainen et al, 2013). Nevertheless, little is know about the biological basis of anxiety disorders in HIV patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Expression of gp120 in mice evokes anxiety behavior: Co-occurrence with increased dendritic spines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the amygdala

Bachis

Forcelli

Masliah

et al. 2016

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, patients may experience restrictions in their sexual life [3], and are at risk to encounter disease-associated discrimination [4]. It is thus not surprising that the prevalence of mental disorders in HIV-infected patients was reported to be higher compared to the general population, especially in the subgroup of women [5, 6, 7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disclosure and Experienced Social Support are not Related to Anxiety or Depression in a German HIV Patient Cohort

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIt is unclear to which extent the rate of disclosure of the diagnosis "HIV" to the social environment and the nature of experienced responses are correlated with the current mental health status of HIV-infected patients living in Germany.Materials and MethodsEighty consecutive patients of two German HIV outpatient clinics were enrolled. Patients performed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in its German version. Disclosure behaviour and the experienced responses after disclosing as perceived by the participants were assessed using a questionnaire. In addition, patients were asked to state whether they felt guilty for the infection on a 1-4 point Likert scale.ResultsPathological results on the anxiety scale were reached by 40% of male and 73% of female patients, and on the depression scale by 30% of male and 47% of female patients, thus significantly exceeding recently assessed values in the German general population, except for depression in males. None of the HADS scale results was interrelated either with the rate of disclosure or the experienced responses. 36% of patients reported to feel guilty for the infection, which was positively correlated with results from the HADS. Limitation: The time since the single disclosure events was not assessed, and the subgroup of women was comparably small.ConclusionsDespite substantial improvement in treatment, HIV-infected patients in Germany still suffer from an elevated level of anxiety and, in part, depression. However, mental health status was neither related with disclosure behaviour nor with experienced responses. We hypothesize that internal beliefs may play a more important role.

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“…Second, posttraumatic growth has been associated with less depressive symptoms among people living with HIV [35, 36, 39], yet research investigating its impact on anxiety symptoms is scarce. This is concerning, since the prevalence of anxiety symptoms is between 40 and 73 % for people living with HIV [8, 40]. We are expanding upon current literature by examining the impact of posttraumatic growth on anxiety symptoms among people living with HIV and CSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among People Living with HIV and Childhood Sexual Abuse: The Role of Shame and Posttraumatic Growth

et al. 2016

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There is a critical need to examine protective and risk factors of anxiety and depressive symptoms among people living with HIV in order to improve quality of life. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the associations between HIV-related shame, sexual abuse-related shame, posttraumatic growth, and anxiety and depressive symptoms among a cohort of 225 heterosexual women and men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV who have experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Higher sexual abuse-related shame was related to more anxiety and depressive symptoms for heterosexual women. Higher posttraumatic growth predicted less anxiety symptoms for only heterosexual women. Higher posttraumatic growth predicted less depressive symptoms for heterosexual women and MSM, but the magnitude of this effect was stronger for heterosexual women than MSM. Psychosocial interventions may need to be tailored to meet the specific needs of heterosexual women and MSM living with HIV and CSA.

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Anxiety Symptoms in HIV-Infected Individuals

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Expression of gp120 in mice evokes anxiety behavior: Co-occurrence with increased dendritic spines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the amygdala

Expression of gp120 in mice evokes anxiety behavior: Co-occurrence with increased dendritic spines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the amygdala

Disclosure and Experienced Social Support are not Related to Anxiety or Depression in a German HIV Patient Cohort

Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among People Living with HIV and Childhood Sexual Abuse: The Role of Shame and Posttraumatic Growth

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