The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify perspectives of female spouses/intimate partners regarding posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in returning Iraq and Afghanistan combat Veterans. Through the use of a self-administered questionnaire based on Flanagan's critical incident technique, reports were obtained from a purposive sample of 34 spouses/intimate partners of Veterans recruited through a social group for military spouses and a university in southeastern North Carolina. Two-thirds of the participants reported not having received formal education about PTSD. The main perceived barriers to PTSD treatment seeking were denial of symptoms, fear, and stigma about disclosing PTSD symptoms. Spouses/intimate partners observed Veterans for changes in behavior and routines, disturbed sleep patterns, and nightmares. In the event of PTSD treatment resistance, spouses/intimate partners reported they would suggest the need for treatment, issue an ultimatum, take action, or offer patience and support without taking any action.

Anxiety is one of the most frequent symptoms recognized by providers who care for persons living with HIV disease (PLWH). This evidence-based review of anxiety and HIV disease includes an overview of anxiety symptoms, their prevalence in PLWH, and co-existing mood and behavioral disorders. Harmful physiologic effects are also highlighted. Valid and reliable clinical measurement tools used for assessing anxiety include the Clinical Diagnostic Questionnaire, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Scale, the Profile of Mood States, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Evidence supports the use of cognitive behavioral therapy as a recommended intervention for the treatment of anxiety symptoms and/or anxiety disorders in PLWH. Medications for use with more severe and disabling anxiety are discussed, as well as evidence based on expert opinion for anxiety self-management.

There is a tremendous need for mental health services in correctional settings. An innovative psychosocial rehabilitation program that emphasizes skills training has been implemented by a state mental health agency within a large state prison. Preliminary results indicate that the treatment is effective in teaching social and independent living skills to mentally ill inmates. However, durability of treatment effects ultimately depends on the ability to track and to provide follow-up services for inmates after they are discharged to the general prison facility or to parole settings. Recommendations for developing and implementing effective systems of delivering mental health services in prisons are offered.

Early colleges are one alternative to the traditional comprehensive high school. This article examines whether early college students are academically, socially and emotionally ready for university work at age 16. Preliminary data indicate enough promise in the innovation to revision not only the high school curriculum, but middle school and university curricula as well.In 1876, when Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, he summoned his assistant, Watson, through the new medium he had created. Bell did not realize that Watson heard him talking through the phone. He did not yet know that his invention worked. As early colleges move their first classes forward toward graduation, our preliminary data show that there may be enough promise in the innovation to revision not only the high school curriculum as we know it, but middle school and university curricula as well. Bell changed communication forever. Can the early college be the spearhead for an overhaul of the P-16 continuum? BackgroundReform of the American high school has been identified as a priority by educators for the last 25 years. Concerns include the low academic standards, the low graduation rates, and the lack of coherence and relevance (Goodlad

In response to questions regarding the marketability of master's-level psychology practitioners, 2 surveys were conducted: 1 of prospective employers of master's-level psychologists and 1 of recent graduates of the University of North Carolina system's master's in psychology programs with clinical emphases. Results indicate that graduates face a healthy job market in the public sector and have a good reputation for value in the marketplace. Graduates reported finding desirable work shortly after graduation, primarily in the public sector. Few described any difficulties with the state-mandated supervision requirement or managed-care reimbursement, perhaps because most public-sector settings provided for both. The data represent the collaborative effort of 1 state's university-system's psychology master's programs to assess employment experiences and marketplace trends. SALLY JOY MACKAIN received her PhD in clinical psychology in 1987 from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She is an associate professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington and is the coordinator of graduate clinical training. Her clinical and research interests include psychiatric rehabilitation for the severely mentally ill in inpatient, correctional, and community settings. RICHARD G. TEDESCHI received his PhD in 1976 from Ohio University. He is a professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. His research interests include posttraumatic growth in response to bereavement and other traumatic events. THOMAS W. DURHAM received his PhD in clinical psychology in 1977 from Florida State University. He is an associate professor of psychology in the Department of Psychology at East Carolina University, where he has been director of the clinical psychology graduate program since 1986. His research interests focus on psychological assessment. VINSTON J. GOLDMAN received his PhD in clinical psychology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1984. He is associate professor of psychology in the Department of Psychology at North Carolina Central University and serves as the coordinator of the psychology graduate program. He has research interests in ethics and professional issues. WE WISH TO THANK Lee A. Jackson,