Aortic Homograft Endocarditis Caused by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Maeder, Micha T.; Vogt, Paul; Schaer, Gabriel N.; Graevenitz, Alexander von; Günthard, Huldrych F.

doi:10.1007/s15010-002-3155-1

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Opportunistic fungal infections due to Rhodotorula have emerged after the first case was reported in 1985, and the most common predisposing factor appears to be the presence of a CVC and underlying haematological disease [28,127,[130][131][132][133][134][135]. However, Rhodotorula fungaemia, peritonitis, endocarditis or meningitis have also been reported in other vulnerable patient groups, including patients with AIDS, extensive burns, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, cirrhosis, those who have undergone intra-abdominal surgery, intravenous drug abusers and critically ill ICU patients [130,[136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146]. Notably, a significant number of cases are breakthrough infections during fluconazole or echinocandin treatment [131,134,135,147,148].…”

Section: Risk Factors/clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections

Arendrup

Boekhout

Akova

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

432

396

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The mortality associated with invasive fungal infections remains high with that involving rare yeast pathogens other than Candida being no exception. This is in part due to the severe underlying conditions typically predisposing patients to these healthcare-related infections (most often severe neutropenia in patients with haematological malignancies), and in part due to the often challenging intrinsic susceptibility pattern of the pathogens that potentially leads to delayed appropriate antifungal treatment. A panel of experts of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Fungal Infection Study Group (EFISG) and the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) undertook a data review and compiled guidelines for the diagnostic tests and procedures for detection and management of rare invasive yeast infections. The rare yeast pathogens were defined and limited to the following genera/species: Cryptococcus adeliensis, Cryptococcus albidus, Cryptococcus curvatus, Cryptococcus flavescens, Cryptococcus laurentii and Cryptococcus uniguttulatus (often published under the name Filobasidium uniguttulatum), Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa, Malassezia pachydermatis and Malassezia restricta, Pseudozyma spp., Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula minuta and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Sporobolomyces spp., Trichosporon asahii, Trichosporon asteroides, Trichosporon dermatis, Trichosporon inkin, Trichosporon jirovecii, Trichosporon loubieri, Trichosporon mucoides and Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans and ascomycetous ones: Geotrichum candidum, Kodamaea ohmeri, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (incl. S. boulardii) and Saprochaete capitatae (Magnusiomyces (Blastoschizomyces) capitatus formerly named Trichosporon capitatum or Geotrichum (Dipodascus) capitatum) and Saprochaete clavata. Recommendations about the microbiological investigation and detection of invasive infection were made and current knowledge on the most appropriate antifungal and supportive treatment was reviewed. In addition, remarks about antifungal susceptibility testing were made.

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Section: Risk Factors/clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections

Arendrup

Boekhout

Akova

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

432

396

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“… Table 2 lists a summary of cases of localized Rhodotorula infection that did not cause fungemia occurring between the years 2000 and 2011 [70–90]. Meningitis and endophthalmitis by Rhodotorula species have been reported as nosocomial infections especially in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected persons [70–78].…”

Section: Rhodotorula In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology ofRhodotorula: An Emerging Pathogen

Wirth

Goldani

2012

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

246

226

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This is an updated paper focusing on the general epidemiological aspects of Rhodotorula in humans, animals, and the environment. Previously considered nonpathogenic, Rhodotorula species have emerged as opportunistic pathogens that have the ability to colonise and infect susceptible patients. Rhodotorula species are ubiquitous saprophytic yeasts that can be recovered from many environmental sources. Several authors describe the isolation of this fungus from different ecosystems, including sites with unfavourable conditions. Compared to R. mucilaginosa, R. glutinis and R. minuta are less frequently isolated from natural environments. Among the few references to the pathogenicity of Rhodotorula spp. in animals, there are several reports of an outbreak of skin infections in chickens and sea animals and lung infections and otitis in sheep and cattle. Most of the cases of infection due to Rhodotorula in humans were fungemia associated with central venous catheter (CVC) use. The most common underlying diseases included solid and haematologic malignancies in patients who were receiving corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs, the presence of CVC, and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Unlike fungemia, some of the other localised infections caused by Rhodotorula, including meningeal, skin, ocular, peritoneal, and prosthetic joint infections, are not necessarily linked to the use of CVCs or immunosuppression.

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“…(14-16) Although it was once considered a non-pathogenic microorganism, this agent is now recognized as potentially harmful, especially in the immunosuppressed. (17 ) It has been directly associated with infections of catheters and prosthetic grafts, (16,18,19 ) endocarditis, (19,20) peritonitis (21) and meningitis. (22,23) More recently, this microorganism has been implicated as a causative agent in onychomycosis.…”

Section: Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doença de Marchiafava-Bignami: uma rara entidade com prognóstico sombrio

Carrilho¹,

Santos²,

Piasecki³

et al. 2013

Rev. bras. ter. intensiva

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Marchiafava-Bignami disease is a rare affliction characterized by primary degeneration of the corpus callosum associated with chronic consumption of ethanol. The disease may occasionally occur in patients who are not alcoholics but are chronically malnourished. A complex deficiency of group B vitamins is the main etiopathogenic hypothesis, and many patients improve after the administration of these compounds. However, a good response is not always observed. The definitive diagnosis of Marchiafava-Bignami disease can be problematic and is based on features of neuroimaging studies, especially magnetic resonance imaging. Its treatment is still controversial and shows variable results. Because nutritional factors are implicated, as in Wernicke's encephalopathy, some authors claim that replacement of B vitamins is beneficial. The present article is a case report of a severe acute form of Marchiafava-Bignami disease in an alcohol-dependent male patient who improved after the administration of parenteral B vitamins. As a consequence of his neurological and immunologic conditions, he developed multiple pulmonary infections and had a protracted course in the intensive care unit. He eventually died of sepsis associated with an uncommon fungus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The present article reports the clinical and neuroimaging data from this patient and contains a review of Marchiafava-Bignami disease and Rhodotorula infections in the intensive care unit.

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Aortic Homograft Endocarditis Caused by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections

Epidemiology ofRhodotorula: An Emerging Pathogen

Doença de Marchiafava-Bignami: uma rara entidade com prognóstico sombrio

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