Apatites from the Kaiserstuhl Volcanic Complex, Germany: new constraints on the relationship between carbonatite and associated silicate rocks

Wang, Lian Xun; Marks, Michael A.W.; Wenzel, Thomas J.; Handt, Anette von der; Keller, Jörg; Teiber, Holger; Markl, Gregor

doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2014/0026-2377

Cited by 48 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…This result is consist with most carbonatite complexes throughout the world, wherein carbonatite post‐date associated silicate rocks (e.g. Bailey, ; Woolley and Kjarsgaard, ; Wang et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Koster van Groos and Wyllie, ; Kjarsgaard and Hamilton, ; Halama et al ., ); and (3) fractional crystallization of primary silicate magmas, normally carbonatite nephelinite (e.g. Lee and Wyllie, ; Veksler et al ., ; Wang et al ., ). And some researchers presented that the carbonatites are a diverse group of rocks with a multiplicity of origins, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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U–Pb zircon age, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the Miaoya syenite and carbonatite complex, central China

et al. 2016

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The Miaoya syenite and carbonatite complex is located in the southern margin of the South Qinling belt, central China. LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U–Pb dating reveals that the syenite and carbonatite have crystallization ages of 445.2 ± 2.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.66) and 434.3 ± 3.2 Ma (MSWD = 1.08), respectively. Both syenite and carbonatite display low ISr values (0.7004 to 0.7053) and depleted εNd(t) values of +1.1 to +5.5, with one‐stage Nd model ages of 0.65 to 0.94 Ga. Their zircon εHf(t) values are also similarly positive (+3.1 to +8.9), and one‐stage Hf model ages range from 0.71 to 0.92 Ga. Whole‐rock geochemistry suggests that the syenite belongs to the shoshonitic series and both syenite and carbonatite show identical REE and trace element patterns. The coeval intrusive ages, similar geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic compositions suggest that the Miaoya carbonatite and associated syenite are genetically related to each other. We consider that the carbonatite could be a final product by protracted fractionation of a CO2‐rich alkaline melt. The depleted εNd(t) and zircon εHf(t) isotopes also indicate that the associated syenite and carbonatite could be originated from a mantle‐derived magma. The sources are likely composed of dominated HIMU mantle and minor EMI mantle. We propose that the Silurian Miaoya Complex was formed in the extensional rifting setting, associated with the mantle upwelling. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

U–Pb zircon age, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the Miaoya syenite and carbonatite complex, central China

et al. 2016

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“…One of the more well-known carbonatites of this age is the Miocene Kaiserstuhl Volcanic Complex (Keller, 1981;Kraml et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2014) in the Rhine Graben. It comprises volcanic rocks and dykes of alkaline silicate composition, as well as carbonatitic dykes, intrusions, and diatreme breccias.…”

Section: Cretaceous To Cenozoic Circum-mediterranean Riftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Europe's rare earth element resource potential: An overview of REE metallogenetic provinces and their geodynamic setting

Goodenough

Schilling

Jönsson

et al. 2016

Ore Geology Reviews

280

136

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Security of supply of a number of raw materials is of concern for the European Union; foremost among these are the rare earth elements (REE), which are used in a range of modern technologies. A number of research projects, including the EURARE and ASTER projects, have been funded in Europe to investigate various steps along the REE supply chain. This paper addresses the initial part of that supply chain, namely the potential geological resources of the REE in Europe. Although the REE are not currently mined in Europe, potential resources are known to be widespread, and many are being explored. The most important European resources are associated with alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites, although REE deposits are also known from a range of other settings. Within Europe, a number of REE metallogenetic belts can be identified on the basis of age, tectonic setting, lithological association and known REE enrichments. This paper reviews those metallogenetic belts and sets them in their geodynamic context. The most well-known of the REE belts are of Precambrian to Palaeozoic age and occur in Greenland and the Fennoscandian Shield. Of particular importance for their REE potential are the Gardar Province of SW Greenland, the Svecofennian Belt and subsequent Mesoproterozoic rifts in Sweden, and the carbonatites of the Central Iapetus Magmatic Province. However, several zones with significant potential for REE deposits are also identified in central, southern and eastern Europe, including examples in the Bohemian Massif, the Iberian Massif, and the Carpathians.

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“…The former is a consequence of these apatites having relatively low La/Nd CN ratios (0.73–1.14) in comparison to apatite from other carbonatites which exhibit smooth REE distribution patterns from La–Yb [e.g. Alnö 1.8–2.9; Fen; 1.80; Jacupiranga 1.58; Hornig-Kjarsgaard (1998); Kaiserstuhl 2.94–4.04; Wang et al (2014); Belaya Zima 1.53–1.77; Doroshkevich et al (2017)]. These data are interpreted to imply that the Good Hope apatites are relatively depleted in La, Ce, Pr and Nd.…”

Section: Pyrochlore Apatititementioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and genesis of pyrochlore apatitite from The Good Hope Carbonatite, Ontario: A potential niobium deposit

Mitchell

Wahl

Cohen³

2019

MinMag

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The Good Hope carbonatite is located adjacent to the Prairie Lake alkaline rock and carbonatite complex in northwestern Ontario. The occurrence is a heterolithic breccia consisting of diverse calcite, dolomite and ferrodolomite carbonatites containing clasts of magnesio-arfvedsonite + potassium feldspar, phlogopite + potassium feldspar together with pyrochlore-bearing apatitite clasts. The apatitite occurs as angular, boudinaged and schlieren clasts up to 5 cm in maximum dimensions. In these pyrochlore occurs principally as euhedral single crystals (0.1–1.5 cm) and can comprise up to 25 vol.% of the clasts. Individual clasts contain compositionally- and texturally-distinct suites of pyrochlore. The pyrochlores are hosted by small prismatic crystals of apatite (~100–500 μm × 10–25 μm) that are commonly flow-aligned and in some instances occur as folds. Allotriogranular cumulate textures are not evident in the apatitites. The fluorapatite does not exhibit compositional zonation under back-scattered electron spectroscopy, although ultraviolet and cathodoluminescence imagery shows distinct cores with thin (<50 μm) overgrowths. Apatite lacks fluid or solid inclusions of other minerals. The apatite is rich in Sr (7030–13,000 ppm) and rare earth elements and exhibits depletions in La, Ce, Pr and Nd (La/NdCN ratios (0.73–1.14) relative to apatite in cumulate apatitites (La/NdCN > 1.5) in the adjacent Prairie Lake complex. The pyrochlore are primarily Na–Ca pyrochlore of relatively uniform composition and minor Sr contents (<2 wt.% SrO). Irregular resorbed cores of some pyrochlores are A-site deficient (>50%) and enriched in Sr (6–10 wt.% SrO), BaO (0.5–3.5 wt.%), Ta2O5 (1–2 wt.%) and UO2 (0.5–2 wt.%). Many of the pyrochlores exhibit oscillatory zoning. Experimental data on the phase relationships of haplocarbonatite melts predicts the formation of apatite and pyrochlore as the initial liquidus phases in such systems. However, the texture of the clasts indicates that pyrochlore and apatite did not crystallise together and it is concluded that pyrochlores formed in one magma have been mechanically mixed with a different apatite-rich magma. Segregation of the apatite–pyrochlore assemblage followed by lithification resulted in the apatitites, which were disrupted and fragmented by subsequent batches of diverse carbonatites. The genesis of the pyrochlore apatitites is considered to be a process of magma mixing and not simple in situ crystallisation.

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Apatites from the Kaiserstuhl Volcanic Complex, Germany: new constraints on the relationship between carbonatite and associated silicate rocks

Cited by 48 publications

References 76 publications

U–Pb zircon age, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the Miaoya syenite and carbonatite complex, central China

U–Pb zircon age, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the Miaoya syenite and carbonatite complex, central China

Europe's rare earth element resource potential: An overview of REE metallogenetic provinces and their geodynamic setting

Mineralogy and genesis of pyrochlore apatitite from The Good Hope Carbonatite, Ontario: A potential niobium deposit

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