Apelin: A potential link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease in end stage renal disease patients

El-Shehaby, Amal; El-Khatib, Mohamed; Battah, Ahmed A.; Roshdy, Amin

doi:10.3109/00365513.2010.504281

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Contrary to us, earliest studies reported lower apelin values in dialysis patients compared to healthy individuals and the decrease was more in those with more severe heart impairment. 18,26 However, Codognotto et al found lower apelin levels in HD patients with cardiomyopathy than in non-uremic precedents and concluded that uremia, not the severity of heart failure, was the determinant for apelin reduction. 27 On the other hand, in support to our results, three recent papers did not show a difference between apelin in dialysis patients and healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 Recently clinical and experimental studies indicated a link between apelin and inflammation. [15][16][17][18] Plasma apelin has been shown to negatively correlate with inflammatory markers in hemodialyzed patients. 18 Based upon the evidence of malnutrition and inflammation and considering the putative role of adipose tissue in CKD, we aimed to evaluate whether serum apelin could reflect the nutritional status of children on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apelin and nutritional status in children on dialysis

et al. 2014

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Background: We aimed to evaluate whether serum apelin could reflect the nutritional status of children on dialysis. Methods: Twelve patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 20 patients on hemodialysis (HD) were enrolled. Patients received individualized diet for six months. Anthropometric and laboratory indices were measured at onset and the end of the study. Results: The anthropometric indices were all significantly lower in patients than in controls whereas similar in PD and HD patients. The protein catabolic rate (nPCR), height, mid-arm circumference (MAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), arm muscle area (AMA) and arm fat area (AFA) z scores were significantly increased in dialysis patients after nutritional intervention. Weight z scores statistically increased in HD group whereas did not statistically change in PD group. Serum albumin levels were significantly improved in PD and HD patients. Apelin levels were similar in PD, HD and control groups. Post nutritional apelin values did not differ in each dialysis groups. On multivariate analysis, apelin was independently associated with age, weight, ESR and TG. Conclusions: Apelin seems to be not a useful indicator for monitoring the nutritional status in children on dialysis. However, the close link of apelin with inflammatory and lipid parameters suggested that apelin might be a novel target for slowing the atherogenic process in pediatric dialysis patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apelin and nutritional status in children on dialysis

et al. 2014

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“…6 We found that serum level of apelin is lower in the nondiabetic group who had undergone a shorter length of hemodialysis pretransplant, our results agree with those reported by El-Shehaby and associates, who, in 2010, studied the plasma level of apelin in patients with hemodialysis to assess the effect of renal transplant and dialysis session on plasma apelin and found that plasma apelin levels were significantly lower in hemodialysis patients compared with controls while levels increased significantly in the early posttransplant period. 12 Leal and associates found no difference between apelin-36 levels in hemodialysis patients and healthy subjects. In contrast apelin-12 levels were significantly higher in patients compared with healthy subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2015

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: Apelin, a cytokine mainly secreted by adipocytes and several tissues, includes the gastrointestinal tract, adipose, brain, kidney, liver, lung, and various sites within the cardiovascular system. Apelin is closely related to glucose metabolism, and has been proposed to be a promising therapeutic agent in treating insulin resistance. Apelin and orphaned G-protein-coupled apelin exhibit roles in regulating fluid homeostasis. Circulating serum apelin suppresses insulin secretion by binding to the G-protein-coupled apelin receptor on B cells of islets of Langerhans. Several studies also have documented the altered level of serum apelin in type 2 diabetic patients, but the results remain controversial. This study sought to analyze apelin levels in new-onset diabetes after transplant. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven diabetic renal transplant recipients were compared with 40 nondiabetic renal transplant recipients. Data were collected for positive family history of diabetes, body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and blood chemistry including apelin level. Logistic multiple analysis were made for statistically significant data on univariate analysis. Results: Apelin levels were significantly higher among obese, hypercholesterolemia new-onset diabetes after transplant patients, 428.7 ± 193.29, 256.8 ± 128 (P > .001). There was appositive correlation between serum apelin and proteinuria. Conclusions: Serum apelin has a high level in newonset diabetes after transplant, than nondiabetic patients, and they positively correlate with proteuria in new-onset diabetes after transplant patients.

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“…15,30 Studies have shown that apelin levels increase in mildly symptomatic heart failure but decrease in more symptomatic patients without statistically significant difference between functional classes or correlation with EF. 31,32 El-Shehaby et al 23 reported that apelin is positively correlated with echocardiographic measurements and negatively correlated with hsCRP and IL-6 levels in HD patients showing its role in systemic inflammatory response and cardiovascular functions. With all these data from the literature, it may be speculated that hypervolemia and the resulting hypertension provokes increased levels of apelin to provide diuresis, vasodilation, and increased cardiac contractility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Apelin is thought to have actions effective on cardiovascular and renal functions and fluid status like stimulation of nitric oxide (NO) related vasodilation; 17 vasoconstriction in the presence of dysfunctional endothelium, 18 positive inotropic effects; 19 inhibition of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release, 20 and antagonistic effects to renin-angiotensin-system (RAS). 21 Apelinergic system has also been reported to have roles in the pathogenesis of coronary disease secondary to chronic renal failure, 22 systemic inflammatory response, and cardiovascular functions 23 and renal physiology like vasodilatation of afferent and efferent arterioles; inhibition of angiotensin-2 (AT2) induced increase in intracellular calcium (Ca) via NO release. 24 In our study, we primarily aimed to investigate the hydration status of PD patients by BIS and echocardiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volume Status in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: The Role of Apelin and Bio-Impedance Spectroscopy

et al. 2012

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One of the main factors determining the survival of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is volume status. We aimed to investigate hydration status of PD patients by bio-impedance spectroscopy (BIS) and echocardiography and to study the relation of them with apelin, which has effects related with volume status like vasodilation, positive inotropism, and inhibition of ADH release and RAS antagonism. Chronic PD patients without active cardiac disease or clinically prominent hypervolemia were included. Besides the demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, BIS and echocardiographic findings together with apelin levels were recorded. The study included 21 patients. Of them, eight patients were euvolemic, one patient was hypovolemic, and others have some degree of overhydration (1.1-6.8 L) with BIS, although all were euvolemic clinically. Mean apelin level was 1.49 AE 0.49 ng/mL. Apelin level was positively correlated with ejection fraction and negatively with total body water (TBW), intracellular and extracellular water, lean tissue mass, and left atrium diameter. On linear regression model, TBW was the major determinant of apelin. Although apelin is expected to increase in hypervolemic patients, the negative correlation with body water in this study may be related with yet unknown role of apelin in dialyzed patients. They may have important roles in volume status in future.

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Apelin: A potential link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease in end stage renal disease patients

Abstract: Apelin is related to echocardiographic features and inflammatory markers in hemodialyzed patients. Apelin may provide a mechanism for systemic inflammatory monitoring and adaptive regulation of cardiovascular function.

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

Apelin and nutritional status in children on dialysis

Apelin and nutritional status in children on dialysis

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Volume Status in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: The Role of Apelin and Bio-Impedance Spectroscopy

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