In this paper, a metasurface‐based antenna with broadband circularly polarized (CP) radiation is presented for S‐band CubeSat applications. It consists of a single‐feed slotted patch and a metasurface composed of 4 × 4 periodic metallic plates. The patch is sandwiched between the finite metasurface and ground plane to excite surface wave resonances for the broadband operation. The antenna is designed to achieve the geometry and characteristics, which are compatible with any CubeSat standard structure. The final prototype with an overall size of 0.64λmin × 0.64λmin × 0.026λmin (λmin is the free space wavelength referring to the lowest operational frequency) has been realized and tested. The experiments result in a |S11| < −10 dB bandwidth of 24.64% (1.85‐2.37 GHz), an axial ratio < 3‐dB bandwidth of 15.23% (1.94‐2.26 GHz), and a broadside realized gain of 5.6 to 6.7 dBic. Moreover, the antenna achieves a good broadside right‐hand CP radiation with symmetric pattern, high front‐to‐back ratio, and high radiation efficiency.