Aphid Feeding by Some Polyphagous Predators in Relation to Aphid Density in Cereal Fields

Sunderland, K. D.; Vickerman, G. P.

doi:10.2307/2402334

Cited by 209 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Staphylinid beetles occur in particularly high numbers of both species and individuals in arable land (Topp & Wiebke, 1980), and carabids are considered important natural control agents of pests due to their polyphagous, predatory feeding behaviour and their high abundances in similar habitats (Sunderland & Vickerman, 1980;Thomas et al, 2001;Symondson et al, 2002). Over the last decades carabid beetles have suffered from the intensification of agriculture and have declined in abundance and species richness in agroecosystems (Basedow, 1990;Kotze & O'Hara, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylinidae and Carabidae overwintering in wheat and sown wildflower areas of different age

Frank

Reichhart

2004

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Species richness and abundance of staphylinid and carabid beetles overwintering in winter wheat fields and 1-to 3-year-old wildflower areas were investigated during 2000/2001 on 16 study sites in Switzerland. Abundance and species richness of overwintering staphylinids significantly increased with successional age of the wildflower areas and were always higher in older wildflower areas than in winter wheat. A similar but less distinct pattern was observed for the abundance and species richness of carabid beetles. The influence of habitat parameters (vegetation cover, fine sand content, organic matter, pH, soil pore volume, surrounding landscape structure, habitat area) on the staphylinid and carabid assemblages based on the number of individuals per species and site was analysed using canonical correspondence analysis. Vegetation cover was the most significant parameter significantly characterizing both staphylinid and carabid assemblages. The amount of vegetation cover explained 15.7% of the variance, fine sand content accounted for 13.3% and surrounding landscape structure for 10.9% of the variance in the staphylinid assemblage. In the carabid assemblage, vegetation cover was the only significant factor, explaining 24.7% of the variance. This study showed for the first time that the significance of wildflower areas as a reservoir for hibernation for generalist predatory beetles increases with progressing successional age.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylinidae and Carabidae overwintering in wheat and sown wildflower areas of different age

Frank

Reichhart

2004

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…In the suppression of aphid outbreaks in cereals, ground beetles, particularly Platynus dorsalis, show great promise (Chiverton, 1986;Sunderland, 1975;Sunderland and Vickerman, 1980;Vickerman and Sunderland, 1975). Strong inverse correlations have been shown between the numbers of cereal aphids and those of P. dorsalis in the field (Edwards et al, 1979;Edwards and George, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antennal sensilla of the ground beetle Platynus dorsalis (Pontoppidan, 1763) (Coleoptera, carabidae)

Merivee

Ploomi

Luik

et al. 2001

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The typology, number, and distribution pattern of antennal sensilla of the ground beetle Platynus dorsalis (Pontoppidan) (Coleoptera, Carabidae) were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The 4.3-4.6-mm-long filiform antennae of the beetles consist of the scape, pedicel, and nine flagellomeres. In both sexes, four subtypes of sensilla chaetica, five subtypes of sensilla basiconica, sensilla trichodea, two subtypes of sensilla campaniformia, sensilla auricillica, and sensilla coeloconica were distinguished. The possible function of the sensilla was discussed and three types of sensilla were considered as olfactory, sensilla trichodea and sensilla basiconica types 1 and 2. Olfactory sensilla form two separate, dorsal and ventral, fields of sensilla on the flagellomeres, which seems to be common in ground beetles. The total numbers of olfactory trichoid (approximately 1,000 hairs) and basiconic sensilla type 1 (1,700-1,800 pegs) on the antennae of P. dorsalis are 5-7 times higher than on the antennae of the ground beetle Bembidion lampros, suggesting that nocturnally active P. dorsalis is much more sensitive to odours perceived by these sensilla than B. lampros with diurnal activity and hunting predominantly by sight. No remarkable sexual differences in the types, numbers, and distribution of antennal sensilla were found in P. dorsalis.

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“…Aphids are eaten by several carabid species (Skuhravy, 1959;Lovei & Sunderland, 1996) and sometimes may represent a substantial part of their food intake. Consequently, distribution of these spe cies may be aggregated in parallel with the patchy distri bution of aphids (Sunderland & Vickermann, 1980;Scheller, 1984;Sopp & Wratten, 1986;Chiverton, 1988;Winder et al, 1994). Other carabid species may be attracted by the presence of plant food, particularly seeds (Kokta, 1988;Kromp, 1990;Jorgensen & Toft, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of crop density, seed and aphid presence in diversification of field communities of Carabidae (Coleoptera)

Honěk¹,

Jaros̆ı́k²

2000

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. In 1995-1997, we studied the factors which may influence the ground "activity density" of Carabidae using pitfall traps placed in winter wheat, winter rape and pea stands (1995 only) grown within a 1 km2 area with uniform physical conditions. The traps were placed in plots of bare ground established within the crops and under surrounding intact plant stands. The communities were similar between crops within years (Pearson's correlation coefficient r = 0.60 -0.81), and between years within crops (r = 0.89 -0.91), except for the poor winter rape stand in 1997. Factors influencing carabid "activity density" were: (i) Density of crop stand. The carabids preferred crop-shaded ground as long as crop density was low or medium but moved to bare ground plots when crop density became high. Under moderate crop density the preference differed between beetle species, most of which preferred cropshaded ground while a few ones preferred bare ground. Carabid preferences were probably determined by microclimatic differences caused by presence and density of crop cover. (ii) Presence of seeds dropped on the ground. In rape stands, presence of crop and weed seeds increased the "activity density" of seed predators (species of genera Amara, Harpalus, Ophonus and Pseudoophonus). Scattering of rape seeds significantly increased local activity density of Harpalus affinis and H. distinguendus in the wheat stand. (iii) Presence of aphids. Activity density of Bembidion lampros and Trechus quadristriatus and between-year variation in pooled abundance of the five species recognised as aphid predators was associated with variation in aphid abundance.

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Aphid Feeding by Some Polyphagous Predators in Relation to Aphid Density in Cereal Fields

Cited by 209 publications

References 17 publications

Staphylinidae and Carabidae overwintering in wheat and sown wildflower areas of different age

Staphylinidae and Carabidae overwintering in wheat and sown wildflower areas of different age

Antennal sensilla of the ground beetle Platynus dorsalis (Pontoppidan, 1763) (Coleoptera, carabidae)

The role of crop density, seed and aphid presence in diversification of field communities of Carabidae (Coleoptera)

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