Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in cultivated and non-cultivated areas of Markazi Province, Iran

Alikhani, Mahmoud; Rezwani, A.; Starý, Petr; Kavallieratos, Nickolas G.; Rakhshani, Ehsan

doi:10.2478/s11756-013-0234-y

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In our study, A. craccivora and A. fabae were not stung by D. rapae, whereas when these aphid species are found on Brassicaceae, they are considered as suitable hosts for D. rapae (Alikhani, Rezwani, Starý, Kavallieratos, & Rakhshani, 2013;Kavallieratos et al, 2004), suggesting that bean modulates parasitoid performance. is generally found to be a suitable host (Colinet, Salin, Boivin, & Hance, 2005;Kavallieratos et al, 2004), suggesting that aphid genotype could be involve in this failure to parasitize (Bilodeau, Simon, Guay, Turgeon, & Cloutier, 2013;von Burg et al, 2008).…”

Section: Performance Traitsmentioning

confidence: 52%

The preference–performance relationship as a means of classifying parasitoids according to their specialization degree

Monticelli

Nguyen

Amiens‐Desneux

et al. 2019

Evolutionary Applications

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Host range in parasitoids could be described by the preference–performance hypothesis (PPH) where preference is defined as host acceptance and performance is defined as the sum of all species on which parasitoid offspring can complete their life cycle. The PPH predicts that highly suitable hosts will be preferred by ovipositing females. However, generalist parasitoids may not conform to this hypothesis if they attack a large range of hosts of varying suitability. Under laboratory conditions, we tested the PPH relationship of three aphid parasitoids currently considered as generalist species ( Aphelinus abdominalis, Aphidius ervi, Diaeretiella rapae ). As expected, the three parasitoids species showed low selectivity, i.e., females stung all aphid species encountered (at least in some extent). However, depending on the parasitoid species, only 42%–58% of aphid species enabled producing parasitoid offspring. We did not find a correlation between the extent of preference and the performance of three generalist aphid parasitoids. For A. ervi , host phylogeny is also important as females showed higher attack and developmental rates on hosts closely related to the most suitable one. In addition, traits such as (a) the presence of protective secondary endosymbionts, for example, Hamiltonella defensa detected in Aphis fabae and Metopolophium dirhodum and (b) the sequestration of plant toxins as defense mechanism against parasitism, for example, in Aphis nerii and Brevicoryne brassicae , were likely at play to some extent in narrowing parasitoid host range. The lack of PPH relationship involved a low selectivity leading to a high adaptability, as well as selection pressure; the combination of which enabled the production of offspring in a new host species or a new environment. Testing for PPH relationships in parasitoids may provide useful cues to classify parasitoids in terms of specialization degree.

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Section: Performance Traitsmentioning

confidence: 52%

The preference–performance relationship as a means of classifying parasitoids according to their specialization degree

Monticelli

Nguyen

Amiens‐Desneux

et al. 2019

Evolutionary Applications

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“…Aphids are attacked by a number of species of Aphidiidae, which can result in population suppression [ 14 , 48 – 52 ]. To enhance the application of parasitoids in aphid management, the species composition and dynamics of parasitoids should be explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphid parasitism and parasitoid diversity in cotton fields in Xinjiang, China

Zhang

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Aphids are major pests of cotton crops in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China, and parasitoids are considered as important natural enemies in regulating aphid populations. However, information on aphid parasitoids in the Xinjiang cotton fields is limited, which hinders the study of aphid-parasitoid interactions and the application of conservation biological control against cotton aphids. In this study, a 3-year survey was conducted in a large geographical range that included three primary cotton planting areas in southern and northern Xinjiang. The population dynamics and the parasitism levels of an assemblage of aphids in the cotton fields were investigated along with the composition of the parasitoid community associated with these aphids. Aphid parasitization varied significantly within both years and seasons, with parasitism levels ranging from 0 to 26%, indicating that there is less effective biological control of parasitoids on aphids under field conditions. Among the primary parasitoids described, Binodoxys communis (Gahan) constituted 95.19% of the parasitoid species, followed by Praon barbatum Mackauer (3.15%), Trioxys asiaticus Telenga (1.01%) and Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall (0.65%). Significant differences were found in the composition of the primary parasitoid species between the cotton seedling period (June) and the flowering period (July-August), and two more primary aphid parasitoids were found in the seedling period. Twelve hyperparasitoid species belonging to six genera were found in our study, of which Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouché), Syrphophagus species and Dendrocerus laticeps (Hedicke) were the dominant species. The composition of the hyperparasitoid community also differed significantly between the seedling and the flowering periods. The description of this parasitoid community-associated assemblage of aphids in cotton fields will facilitate the study of aphid-parasitoid interactions and promote the development of effective cotton aphid management strategies in Xinjiang.

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“…Algeria ); Iran (Rakhshani et al 2008c(Rakhshani et al , 2012bAlikhani et al 2013); Lebanon (Abou-Fakhr 1982;Tremblay et al 1985;; Turkey (Western part -Aslan & Karaca 2005; Central part - Rakhshani et al 2008d;Tomanović et al 2008).…”

Section: Distribution In the Middle East And North Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations

Rakhshani

Barahoei

Ahmad

et al. 2019

EJT

Self Cite

556

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In this study, a total of 108 Aphidiinae species, belonging to 18 genera, associated with 240 aphid species in 16 countries of the Middle East and North Africa are reviewed. 743 host aphid-parasitoid associations are listed. New material was collected from various regions of Saudi Arabia during 2011–2013. Three species including Aphidius avenae Haliday, 1834, Aphidius platensis Brèthes, 1913 and Praon barbatum Mackauer, 1967 are first recorded for the fauna of this country. Lysiphlebus marismortui Mescheloff & Rosen, 1990 syn. nov. is classified as the junior synonym of Lysiphlebus confusus Tremblay & Eady, 1978. An illustrated up-to-date key to all known species of Aphidiinae that occur in the Middle East and North Africa is provided. The findings are discussed in relation to the overall parasitoid-aphid associations in the target investigated region.

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Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in cultivated and non-cultivated areas of Markazi Province, Iran

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

The preference–performance relationship as a means of classifying parasitoids according to their specialization degree

The preference–performance relationship as a means of classifying parasitoids according to their specialization degree

Aphid parasitism and parasitoid diversity in cotton fields in Xinjiang, China

Review of Aphidiinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of the Middle East and North Africa: key to species and host associations

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