Aplicação foliar de silício na resistência da soja à ferrugem e na atividade de enzimas de defesa

Pereira, Sandra Cerqueira; Rodrigues, Fabrício Á.; Carré‐Missio, Vivian; Oliveira, M. G. A.; Zambolim, Laércio

doi:10.1590/s1982-56762009000300005

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Rice and cucumber plants supplied with Si and inoculated with Bipolaris oryzae and Podosphaera xantii, respectively, showed an increase in the activities of POX and CHI (Dallagnol et al, 2011;Liang et al 2005). Pereira et al (2009) reported that soybean plants sprayed with ASM showed reduced symptoms of ASR without any contribution of CHI, GLU, POX, PPO, PAL and lypoxygenase. However, in the present study, plants sprayed with ASM showed an increase in PAL activity at 72 and 141 hai and GLU activity at 72 hai.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Cruz

Rodrigues²,

Polanco³

et al. 2013

Bragantia

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This study aimed to determine the effect of jasmonic acid (JA), Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) and calcium silicate (a source of soluble silicon, Si), on the potentiation of soybean resistance to Asian soybean rust (ASR). The ASR severity was significantly reduced on plants sprayed with ASM or supplied with Si in comparison to plants sprayed with JA or deionized water. For chitinases (CHI), significant differences in activity between non-inoculated and inoculated plants sprayed with deionized water or with ASM occurred at 72 hours after inoculation (hai), at 24 and 72 hai when sprayed with JA and at 141 hai when supplied with Si. For β-1,3-glucanases (GLU), significant differences in activity between non-inoculated and inoculated plants sprayed with deionized water occurred at 24, 48 and 141 hai, but not until 72 for plants sprayed with ASM. For phenylalanine ammonia-lyases (PAL), significant differences in activity between non-inoculated and inoculated plants occurred only for plants sprayed with ASM at 72 and 141 hai. In conclusion, the ASR symptoms can be mild on plants sprayed with ASM or supplied with Si and that this amelioration likely involved the defense enzymes.Key words: Glycine max, Asian soybean rust, induction of resistance, mechanisms of host defense.Indutores de resistência e silício na atividade de enzimas de defesa na interação soja-Phakopsora pachyrhizi ResumoEste estudo objetivou determinar o efeito do ácido jasmônico (AJ), do Acibenzolar-S-Metil (ASM) e do silicato de cálcio (fonte de silício solúvel, Si) na potencialização da resistência da soja à ferrugem asiática (FA). A severidade da FA foi significativamente reduzida nas plantas pulverizadas com ASM ou supridas com Si em comparação com as plantas pulverizadas com água deionizada ou AJ. Para a atividade das quitinases (QUI), diferenças significativas entre plantas não inoculadas e inoculadas que foram pulverizadas com água destilada ou ASM ocorreram às 72 horas após a inoculação (hai); às 24 e 72 hai para plantas pulverizadas com AJ e às 141 hai quando supridas com Si. Para β-1,3-glucanases (GLU), diferenças significativas entre plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas que foram pulverizadas com água deionizada ocorreram às 24, 48 e 141 hai, mas não ocorreram até as 72 hai para plantas pulverizadas com ASM. Para fenilalanina amônia-liases (PAL), houve diferença significativa na atividade entre plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas somente para aquelas pulverizadas com ASM as 72 e 141 hai. Em conclusão, os sintomas da FA podem ser reduzidos em plantas pulverizadas com ASM ou em plantas supridas com Si, em parte, pela participação das enzimas de defesa estudadas.Palavras-chave: Glycine max, ferrugem asiática, indução de resistência, mecanismos de defesa do hospedeiro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Cruz

Rodrigues²,

Polanco³

et al. 2013

Bragantia

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“…The fine powder was homogenized in an ice bath in 15 mL 0.1 M sodium borate buffer (pH 8.8) containing PVPP (1%, w/v). The PAL activity was determined as described by Pereira et al (2009). Four separate extractions were performed for each treatment for assay of the activities of the three enzymes.…”

Section: Silício E Manganês Na Atividade De Enzimas Envolvidas Na Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four separate extractions were performed for each treatment for assay of the activities of the three enzymes. The protein contents of the extracts were measured according to Pereira et al (2009). A 2 × 3 × 2 factorial experiment, consisting of two Si rates (referred thereafter as -Si and +Si treatments), three Mn rates, and plants inoculated or non-inoculated with B. oryzae was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications.…”

Section: Silício E Manganês Na Atividade De Enzimas Envolvidas Na Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon and manganese on the activity of enzymes involved in rice resistance against brown spot

Silva¹,

Pereira²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2012

Trop. plant pathol.

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This study investigated the role of silicon (Si) and manganese (Mn) rates on the activity of peroxidases (POX), polyphenoloxidases (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyases (PAL) on rice plants non-inoculated and inoculated with Bipolaris orzyae. Rice plants (cultivar Metica 1) were grown in nutrient solution with 0 (-Si) or 2 mmol Si L -1 (+Si) and with 0.5, 2.5 and 10 µmol Mn L -1 . Plants were inoculated with B. oryzae and leaf samples were collected at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h after inoculation (hai). Leaf samples were also collected from non-inoculated plants at these same time-points. POX activity increased for -Si plants inoculated with B. oryzae at both rates of 0.5 and 2.5 µmol Mn L -1 with one peak at 48 hai at 10 µmol Mn L -1 . For plants supplied with Si, POX activity also increased, but seemed to be low at the rates of 2.5 and 10 µmol Mn L -1 . POX activity did not show to be greatly influenced by the Mn rates in the presence of Si. However, in the absence of Si, POX activity increased. PPO activity on -Si plants increased at the rate of 0.5 µmol Mn L -1 and was not affected by the other two Mn rates, except a peak at 18 hai at the rate of 10 µmol Mn L -1 . In the presence of Si, PPO activity increased on plants supplied with 2.5 µmol Mn L -1 in contrast to the other two Mn rates for which the PPO activity decreased. By comparing the -Si and +Si treatments at the rate of 2.5 µmol Mn L -1 , PPO activity increased from 18 to 36 hai in the presence of Si than on its absence. PAL activity on -Si plants decreased regardless of the Mn rates. On plants supplied with Si and inoculated with B. oryzae, PAL showed low activity at the highest Mn rate and also at the rate of 0.5 µmol Mn L -1 , besides its activity been very low compared to the non-inoculated plants. PAL did not increase in activity in the presence of Si, but on its absence, high levels of activity were achieved. Results from this study showed that the activities of POX, PPO and PAL were not boosted by Si at any Mn rate. Key words: Bipolaris oryzae, Oryza sativa, foliar disease, mineral nutrition. RESUMO Silício e manganês na atividade de enzimas envolvidas na resistência do arroz à mancha pardaO estudo investigou o efeito do silício (Si) e de doses de manganês (Mn) na atividade das enzimas peroxidases (POX), polifenoloxidases (PFO) e fenilalanina amônia-liases (FAL) em plantas não inoculadas e inoculadas com Bipolaris oryzae. Plantas de arroz (cultivar Metica 1) foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva com 0 (-Si) e 2 mmol Si L -1 (+Si) e com as doses de 0,5; 2,5 e 10 µmol Mn L -1 . As plantas foram inoculadas com B. oryzae e amostras de folhas foram coletadas às 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 e 48 h após inoculação (hai). Amostras de folhas de plantas não-inoculadas, nestes mesmos tempos, também foram coletadas. Para as doses de 0,5 e 2,5 µmol Mn L -1 , a atividade da POX aumentou para as plantas -Si com um pico às 48 hai na dose de 10 mmol Mn L -1 . Para as plantas +Si, a atividade da POX também aumentou, mas foi baixa para as doses de 2,5 e 10 mmol Mn...

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“…Em espécies acumuladoras de silício, tais como o trigo, foi verificada a redução do número de lesões e área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença pelo uso de silicato de cálcio (Xavier Filha et al, 2011). Resultados positivos foram obtidos pela pulverização com silicato de sódio e silicato de potássio no controle da antracnose do feijoeiro (Moraes et al, 2006) e da ferrugem da soja (Pereira et al, 2009), respectivamente.…”

unclassified

“…Exemplos do seu emprego auxiliando no aumento de resistência dos tecidos vêm sendo estudados em vários patossistemas (Alvarez & Datnoff, 2001;Moraes et al, 2006, Pereira et al, 2009). Silicato de sódio, de cálcio e de potássio são alguns dos compostos já empregados no controle de doenças (Moraes et al 2006).…”

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Efeito do extrato de alga e da argila silicatada na severidade da alternariose e na produtividade da cebolinha comum (Allium fistulosum L.)

Araújo

Peruch

Stadnik

2012

Trop. plant pathol.

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RESUMOA alternariose é uma das doenças mais importantes da cebolinha em cultivo orgânico. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de pulverizações semanais de argila silicatada (Rocksil ® ) e extrato de Ulva fasciata no controle da doença e produtividade da cebolinha neste sistema de cultivo. Avaliou-se a severidade final e a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença nas folhas centrais (Yf e AACPDf), bem como da planta inteira (Yp e AACPDp). Na colheita, determinou-se o comprimento e peso fresco das folhas. O experimento foi repetido em quatro ciclos da cultura. Os dados de severidade da doença e produtividade foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Duncan (P≤0.05). Na maioria dos ciclos experimentais, diferenças significativas foram verificadas na sanidade e produtividade dos tratamentos em relação à testemunha (plantas tratadas com água). Ambos preparados propiciaram reduções médias de 41 a 62% na severidade final (Yf e Yp) e de 28 a 58% na área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPDf e AACPDp). Os tratamentos das plantas com argila silicatada e extrato de alga aumentaram o peso fresco das folhas em média de 46% e 32%, respectivamente. Apesar deste trabalho indicar que a argila silicatada e o extrato de algo têm potencial para o controle da alternariose da cebolinha, mais estudos são necessários para elucidar os níveis de controle desses tratamentos em diferentes condições edafoclimáticas. Palavras-chave: Alternaria porri, cultivo orgânico, extrato de algas, pó de rocha ABSTRACT Effect of seaweed extract and silicate clay on Alternaria leaf spot and on the yield of green onion (Allium fistulosum L.)Alternaria leaf spot is one of the most important diseases of green onion in organic farming. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of weekly sprays of silicate clay (Rocksil ® ) and extract of Ulva fasciata in disease control and yield of the green onion in organic farming. Final disease severity and area under the disease progress curve were evaluated on central leaves (Yl and AUDPCl) as well as the whole plant (Yp and AACPDp). Length and fresh weight of leaves was determined at harvest. The experiment was repeated in four crop cycles. Data on disease severity and yield were subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan test (P < 0.05). In most of the experimental cycles, significant differences were observed in the sanity and yield of the treatments compared to the control (plants treated with water). Overall, both preparations reduced the final disease severity (Yf and Yp (by 41-62% ) and the AUDPCs by 28-58%. Treatments of plants with silicate clay and seaweed extract increased the fresh weight of leaves by 46% and 32%, respectively. Although this study indicates that silicate clay and seaweed extract have the potential for disease control, further studies are needed to elucidate the control levels of these treatments in different edaphoclimatic conditions. Key words: Alternaria porri, organic system, silicate clay, seaweed extract A cebolinha comum (Allium fis...

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Aplicação foliar de silício na resistência da soja à ferrugem e na atividade de enzimas de defesa

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Inducers of resistance and silicon on the activity of defense enzymes in the soybean-Phakopsora pachyrhizi interaction

Silicon and manganese on the activity of enzymes involved in rice resistance against brown spot

Efeito do extrato de alga e da argila silicatada na severidade da alternariose e na produtividade da cebolinha comum (Allium fistulosum L.)

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