Apneic Oxygenation in Man

Frumin, M. Jack; Epstein, Robert; Cohen, Gerald I.

doi:10.1097/00000542-195911000-00007

Cited by 342 publications

(175 citation statements)

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“…During breathhold arterial P CO 2 rises at about 2-3 torr per minute in completely relaxed humans (Frumin et al 1959); concomitant fall in P O 2 further stimulates air hunger. Improved air hunger tolerance alone does not seem sufficient to explain the extraordinary breath hold times of these divers during 'static apnea', but the interview data provide further information.…”

Section: Comparison Of Laboratory Air Hunger Test With Competitive Brmentioning

confidence: 98%

The air hunger response of four elite breath-hold divers

Binks

Vovk²,

Ferrigno

et al. 2007

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Normal subjects terminate breath-holds due to intolerable 'air hunger'. We hypothesize that competitive breath-hold divers might have increased tolerance of air hunger. We tested the air hunger (AH) response of 4 divers who could hold their breath for 6 -9 min. Tidal volume and respiratory rate were controlled by mechanical ventilation (ventilation ≈ 0.16 L·min −1 ·kg −1 ). AH was induced by raising P CO 2 and rated using a visual analog scale whose maximum was defined as intolerable. SpO 2 was maintained at >97%. Three divers reported the same uncomfortable urge to breathe as normal subjects; the slopes of their responses were within normal range. Both resting CO 2 and AH threshold were shifted to higher CO 2 in some divers. Diver 3 was unique amongst neurologically intact subjects we have studied: he denied feeling an urge to breathe, and denied discomfort. We conclude that elite divers' strategies to tolerate intense air hunger are a minor factor in their ability to tolerate long breath holds.

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Section: Comparison Of Laboratory Air Hunger Test With Competitive Brmentioning

confidence: 98%

The air hunger response of four elite breath-hold divers

Binks

Vovk²,

Ferrigno

et al. 2007

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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show abstract

“…Frumin et al 16 In a series of eight subjects, the arterial oxygen saturation was well maintained. The limiting factor to the duration of apnoea is the accumulation of carbon dioxide in equilibrium with arterial blood.…”

Section: Mass Flow Of Gases and Diffusion Respmationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diffusion in anaesthesia

Sleath

Jenkins

Graves

1963

Can. Anaes. Soc. J.

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“…By insufflation of oxygen at a high flow-rate into the trachea, according to the principle of apneic oxygenation [58] a diffusion oxygenation can be established. Problems inherent to this method of translaryngeal and transtracheal oxygenation are the often insufficient expiration and/or ventilation, followed by hypercarbia and the potential for barotrauma and a disruption in hemodynamics, particularly in the presence of closure of the supraglottic airway.…”

Section: Translaryngeal and Transtracheal Oxygenation And Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%