Apolipophorin III: Role model apolipoprotein

Weers, Paul M.M.; Ryan, Robert O.

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.01.001

Cited by 178 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Following the catalysis by molting heme peroxidase, H 2 O 2 and Cl Ϫ should be synthesized into the insecticide HOCl (36). Two C-type lectins (CTL-10 and BGIMGA003660), hemolin, apolipophorin III, and lysozyme were found in different molting fluids, with known roles in immunity against microorganisms (31,(37)(38)(39). C-type lectins can detect Gram-negative bacteria and induce PPO activation (31,40).…”

Section: Natural Defects In Ecdysis Accompanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of Insect Molting Fluid Proteins on the Protection and Regulation of Ecdysis

Zhang

Lü

Kong

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

114

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Background: Periodical ecdysis occurs in insects with molting fluids accumulated among the old and new cuticles. Results: Molting fluid is a mixture containing many unknown proteins to inhibit microbian infection and regulate ecdysis. Conclusion: Insects produce molting fluids for protecting delicate insects and guaranteeing successful ecdysis. Significance: Molting proteins may be targets useful for pesticide development in the future.

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Section: Natural Defects In Ecdysis Accompanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of Insect Molting Fluid Proteins on the Protection and Regulation of Ecdysis

Zhang

Lü

Kong

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

114

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“…Additional novel lipid carrier proteins were identified, including a carrier protein apolipophorin (Contig 156) with the highest log 2 fold expression of midgut-specific transcripts (5.59) (Supplementary Table S4). This glycoprotein is involved in the transport of various lipids in the hemolymph, as well as heme (Duncan et al, 1999;Weers et al, 2006). A related transcript involved in oogenesis as a yolk protein precursor, vitellogenin (Contig 8127), was also identified (Supplementary Table S4).…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiling of adult female tissues in feeding Rhipicephalus microplus cattle ticks

Stutzer

Zyl

Olivier

et al. 2013

International Journal for Parasitology

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The southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, is an economically important pest, especially for resource-poor countries, both as a highly adaptive invasive species and prominent vector of disease.The increasing prevalence of resistance to chemical acaricides and variable efficacy of current tick vaccine candidates highlight the need for more effective control methods. In the absence of a fully annotated genome, the wealth of available expressed sequence tag (EST) sequence data for this species presents a unique opportunity to study the genes that are expressed in tissues involved in blood meal acquisition, digestion and reproduction during feeding. Utilizing a custom oligonucleotide microarray designed from available singletons (BmiGI Version 2.1) and EST sequences of R. microplus, the expression profiles in feeding adult female midgut, salivary glands and ovarian tissues were compared. From 13,456 assembled transcripts, 588 genes expressed in all three tissues were identified from fed adult females 20 days post infestation. The greatest complement of genes relate to translation and protein turnover. Additionally, a number of unique transcripts were identified for each tissue that relate well to their respective physiological/biological function/role(s). These transcripts include secreted anti-hemostatics and defense proteins from the salivary glands for acquisition of a blood meal, proteases as well as enzymes and transporters for digestion and nutrient acquisition from ingested blood in the midgut, and finally proteins and associated factors involved in DNA replication and cell-cycle control for oogenesis in the ovaries. Comparative analyses of adult female tissues during feeding enabled the identification of a catalogue of transcripts that may be essential for successful feeding and reproduction in the cattle tick, R. microplus. Future studies will increase our understanding of basic tick biology, allowing the identification of shared proteins/pathways among different tissues that may offer novel targets for the development of new tick control strategies.

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“…In other cases, trade-offs in the functional allocation of specific proteins seem to occur. Apolipophorin III, for instance, is not only a lipid transport protein, but also plays a role in the recognition of parasites [19]. In crickets, energetically expensive activities such as flight reduces the amount of available apolipophorins in the haemolymph [20], and experimentally reducing apolipophorin reduces immune function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-poor diet reduces host-specific immune gene expression in Bombus terrestris

2014

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Parasites infect hosts non-randomly as genotypes of hosts vary in susceptibility to the same genotypes of parasites, but this specificity may be modulated by environmental factors such as nutrition. Nutrition plays an important role for any physiological investment. As immune responses are costly, resource limitation should negatively affect immunity through trade-offs with other physiological requirements. Consequently, nutritional limitation should diminish immune capacity in general, but does it also dampen differences among hosts? We investigated the effect of short-term pollen deprivation on the immune responses of our model host Bombus terrestris when infected with the highly prevalent natural parasite Crithidia bombi. Bumblebees deprived of pollen, their protein source, show reduced immune responses to infection. They failed to upregulate a number of genes, including antimicrobial peptides, in response to infection. In particular, they also showed less specific immune expression patterns across individuals and colonies. These findings provide evidence for how immune responses on the individual-level vary with important elements of the environment and illustrate how nutrition can functionally alter not only general resistance, but also alter the pattern of specific host-parasite interactions.

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Apolipophorin III: Role model apolipoprotein

Cited by 178 publications

References 110 publications

Functional Analysis of Insect Molting Fluid Proteins on the Protection and Regulation of Ecdysis

Functional Analysis of Insect Molting Fluid Proteins on the Protection and Regulation of Ecdysis

Gene expression profiling of adult female tissues in feeding Rhipicephalus microplus cattle ticks

Protein-poor diet reduces host-specific immune gene expression in Bombus terrestris

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