Apolipoproteins have a potential role in nasal mucus of allergic rhinitis patients: A proteomic study

Abstract

This study confirms the significantly higher abundance of apolipoproteins A-I and AII in allergic rhinitis mucus. Their release seems to be triggered by local mechanisms as an antiinflammatory response to allergens.

Nasal mucus proteome and its involvement in allergic rhinitis

“…Most of these proteins are also present in plasma and may indicate therefore increased plasma exudation [67,68] and disintegration of the epithelial barrier in allergy [69][70][71]. C3, A2M, APOA1, and APOA2 were also found to be significantly more abundant in nasal mucus in allergic rhinitis patients in our previous studies [65,72]. Apolipoproteins could act as antiinflammatory agents apart from their involvement in lipid metabolism [73,74] and their high abundance could be regulated by a local mechanism since plasma levels of APOs did not differ between allergic rhinitis patients and healthy controls and did not correlate to nasal mucus levels [72].…”

Epithelial proteome profiling suggests the essential role of interferon-inducible proteins in patients with allergic rhinitis

“…1,2,[6][7][8] Thus there is a high need to elucidate which mechanisms are crucial in development of the disease and which are consequential to facilitate diagnosis, selection of treatment, and design of new treatment strategies. Because nasal mucus and nasal epithelium are the first barriers against allergens, nasal lavage fluid [9][10][11][12][13] and nasal mucosal brushings [14][15][16] have been used to investigate the underlying molecular signatures of SAR. By and large, these studies are sparse, and knowledge gaps still exist pertaining to the specific molecular mechanisms leading to disease onset and progression.…”

Structure–odour relationships reviewed in the postgenomic era

“…Interestingly, among the proteins found in human mucus, gluthation‐S‐transferases (GSTs) are ideal candidates to modulate the odourant–receptor chemoreception. Within this family, two enzymes, GSTA1 and GSTP1, could play an important role . The role of GSTs in human olfaction is supported by the fact that they have been demonstrated to be involved in insect olfaction and are present in the human mucus.…”

“…Within this family, two enzymes, GSTA1 and GSTP1, could play an important role. [123][124][125] The role of GSTs in human olfaction is supported by the fact that they have been demonstrated to be involved in insect olfaction and are present in the human mucus. Focusing on mammals, GST enzymes isolated from the rat olfactory epithelium show an activity related to odourant molecules.…”