Apoplast as the site of response to environmental signals

Hoson, Takayuki

doi:10.1007/bf02507163

Cited by 116 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…The plant cell wall, which in the broadest sense comprises the extracellular matrix and apoplast milieu, represents the interface with the biotic and abiotic environment (Hoson, 1998;Sakurai, 1998;Lee et al, 2004). Accordingly, many developmental processes and induced plant responses have been identified that are directly or indirectly influenced by wall-localized molecular interactions and signalling pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coupled yeast signal sequence trap and transient plant expression strategy to identify genes encoding secreted proteins from peach pistils

Yamane

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Many developmental processes and induced plant responses have been identified that are directly or indirectly influenced by wall-localized, or apoplastic, molecular interactions and signalling pathways. The yeast-based signal sequence trap (YSST) is a potentially valuable experimental tool to characterize the proteome of the wall and apoplast, or 'secretome', although few studies have been performed with plants and to date this strategy has not been coupled with a subsequent analysis to confirm extracellular localization of candidate proteins in planta. This current report describes the use of the YSST, together with transient expression of a selection of identified proteins as fusions with the reporter GFP, focusing on the complex extracellular interactions between peach (Prunus persica) pollen and pistil tissues. The coupled YSST and GFP localization assay was also used to confirm the extracellular localization of a recently identified pistil-specific basic RNase protein (PA1), as has been observed with S-RNases that are involved in selfincompatibility. This pilot YSST screen of pollinated and unpollinated pistil cDNAs revealed a diverse set of predicted cell wall-localized or plasma membranebound proteins, several of which have not previously been described. Transient GFP-fusion assays and RNA gel blot analyses were used to confirm their subcellular localization and to provide further insights into their expression or regulation, respectively. These results demonstrated that the YSST strategy represents an effective means either to confirm the extracellular localization of a specific candidate secreted protein, as demonstrated here with PA1, or to conduct a screen for new extracellular proteins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coupled yeast signal sequence trap and transient plant expression strategy to identify genes encoding secreted proteins from peach pistils

Yamane

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…For instance, in most of the past experiments, plant seedlings were exposed to light continuously or temporally during cultivation. However, light is another factor that strongly influences the cell wall metabolism, thereby affecting elongation growth of seedlings 3) . Actually, light is recognized as one of gravity-substituting factors and so the effect of microgravity on growth may be diminished in the light.…”

Section: ) Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Regulation Mechanisms in Higher Plants under Microgravity Conditions. Changes in Cell Wall Metabolism.

et al. 2000

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During Space Shuttle STS-95 mission, we cultivated seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Koshihikari and cv. Tan-ginbozu) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L. cv. Columbia and cv. etr1-1) for 68.5, 91.5, and 136 hr on board, and then analyzed changes in the nature of their cell walls, growth, and morphogenesis under microgravity conditions. In space, elongation growth of both rice coleoptiles and Arabidopsis hypocotyls was stimulated. Also, the increase in the cell wall extensibility, especially that in the irreversible extensibility, was observed for such materials. The analyses of the amounts, the structure, and the physicochemical properties of the cell wall constituents indicated that the decreases in levels and molecular masses of cell wall polysaccharides were induced under microgravity conditions, which appeared to contribute to the increase in the wall extensibility. The activity of certain wall enzymes responsible for the metabolic turnover of the wall polysaccharides was increased in space. By the space flight, we also confirmed the occurrence of automorphogenesis of both seedlings under microgravity conditions; rice coleoptiles showed an adaxial bending, whereas Arabidopsis hypocotyls elongated in random directions. Furthermore, it was shown that spontaneous curvatures of rice coleoptiles in space were brought about uneven modifications of cell wall properties between the convex and the concave sides. 1)IntroductionPlants developed the cell wall with a complicated but well-organized structure during their evolution for more than 400 million years after they first went ashore. The plant cell wall plays an important role in supporting its body under 1 g on earth. At the same time, the cell wall encloses each cell and determines its size and shape. Growth and development of plant body are thus most directly controlled by the nature of the cell wall. Therefore, microgravity in space would greatly modify the properties of the cell wall, thereby influencing growth regulation mechanisms.The results obtained by our ground-based experiments with the water immersion method and the hypergravity conditions produced by centrifugation support such an idea 1)-3) . For instance, rice coleoptiles grow faster under water than in air. Air-bubbling partially suppresses coleoptile growth under water, suggesting that the stimulation of growth under water is caused by both gaseous factors and microgravity effect due to buoyancy. The rheological analysis of the cell wall properties of rice coleoptiles showed that the extensibility of the cell wall of water-grown coleoptiles was higher than that of air-grown ones. Submergence also causes diverse changes in the levels and the structure of the cell wall constituents, such as the decrease in the levels of cellulose, the matrix polysaccharides, the structural glycoproteins, and phenolics, that are supposed to be responsible for the increase in the cell wall extensibility of rice coleoptiles. On the contrary, hypergravity caused a suppression of elongation growth and...

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“…It has been proposed that the cell wall plays an important role in resisting the gravitational force and supporting the plant's body on earth, as do the bones and muscles in an animal body (Hoson 1998). However, only limited information has been obtained for the mechanism of the anti-gravitational reactions in plants.…”

Section: Anti-gravitational System In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the anti-gravitational system in land plants and its implication for the interaction between plants and other organisms

Hoson¹

2003

Biol. Sci. Space

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After they first went ashore during the Silurian epoch, plants have developed the anti-gravitational system to survive under terrestrial environment with the strong gravitational force. The cell wall acts as a principal component of the anti-gravitational system in plants, probably with the aid of links to the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton. The cell wall has well developed in land plants and often represents more than 90% of the dry weight of the plant. The development of the cell wall has greatly influenced the interaction between plants and other organisms, such as feeding, sheltering, invasion, and symbiosis, and has been involved in the regulation of the global environment throughout the evolution.

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Apoplast as the site of response to environmental signals

Cited by 116 publications

References 122 publications

A coupled yeast signal sequence trap and transient plant expression strategy to identify genes encoding secreted proteins from peach pistils

A coupled yeast signal sequence trap and transient plant expression strategy to identify genes encoding secreted proteins from peach pistils

Growth Regulation Mechanisms in Higher Plants under Microgravity Conditions. Changes in Cell Wall Metabolism.

Development of the anti-gravitational system in land plants and its implication for the interaction between plants and other organisms

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